We often relate giant solar panels to deserts.But the extreme heat can limit solar panels' productivity. "It's like your laptop or your home computer.If it overheats，it slows down.So there's this tradeoff between having a lot，a lot of sun like in a desert，but if it gets too hot the efficiency of those panels drops." said Oregon State University ecological engineer Chad Higgins.
His team is interested in where photovoltaic panels should be placed to maximize energy production.In addition to moderate temperatures and sunlight，they found that conditions for the most efficiency include low relative humidity and gentle winds that improve transfer of heat from the panels.
By analyzing satellite data for these four factors，they created a map of possible solar panel productivity for different land types around the globe.Which one is on top？Croplands.It's a sweet spot where you get a lot of sun but it has a pleasant temperature and that is where you get the most productivity.
Other factors also favor cropland solar.Croplands are often closer to population centers where there is a market for electricity，rather than way off in the desert.Croplands are usually flat and already disturbed.So you don't have as many ecological protection worries.
Higgins' team thinks that agriculture and solar can benefit each other，leading to a more sustainable energy future.Higgins hopes the research will help solar companies and farmers work together to feed the world and power it too.A possibility that should brighten anyone's day.
（1）What limits the efficiency of the solar panels built in deserts？ AA
A．The high temperature.
B．Long distance of transferring.
C．Lack of computer control.
D．The quality of the solar panels.
（2）What does the underlined word "moderate" in paragraph 2 probably mean？ DD
A．High.
B．Normal.
C．Low.
D．Suitable.
（3）What's one of the benefits of building solar panels in croplands？ CC
A．It makes croplands flat.
B．It builds a market for electricity.
C．It causes less environment concern.
D．It leads to more crop production.
（4）What's the suitable title of the text？ BB
A．Locations for Photovoltaic Panels
B．Croplands-a Sweet Place for Solar Panels
C．Factors in Maximum Productivity of Solar Panels
D．Connection between Solar Companies and Farmers
【答案】A；D；C；B
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/12/11 22:0:2組卷：36引用：3難度：0.5
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1．It's possible that your phone's face-unlock might finally be able to work while you're wearing a mask.Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms （算法） are getting better at recognizing faces in masks，according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology （NIST）.Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms，the news report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.
When NIST first examined masks' effect on facial recognition in July 2020，it found that algorithms weren't great at identifying faces with masks. "Face recognition can make errors，which can implicate people for crimes they haven't committed，" writes the Electronic Frontier Foundation （EFF）. "It is particularly bad at recognizing African Americans and other ethnic minorities，women，and young people." But the pandemic has given developers plenty of time to focus on the mask problem，and NIST's data shows that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at working with masked faces. "After the pandemic，some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test，" the report reads.NIST's public ranking for facial recognition tests bears out this report.Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.
Nevertheless，there remain a number of limitations to the study.NIST researchers did not employ actual images of masked faces.Instead，they applied masks digitally to ensure consistency across the sample.As a result， "We were not able to get a thorough simulation of the endless variations in color，design，shape，texture，and ways masks can be worn，" the report states.The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face，but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.
（1）What did people use to think of recognizing masked faces with facial recognition systems？
A．effective
B．impossible
C．easy
D．unreliable
（2）What does the underlined phrase "bear out" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．make.
B．prove.
C．deny.
D．oppose.
（3）What can be learned about the study？
A．The way to wear masks may affect recognition accuracy.
B．The design of a mask makes no difference to facial recognition.
C．Facial recognition failure rates were quite low at the beginning.
D．The researchers adopted real surgical masks to ensure the accuracy.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A．Limitations of Facial Recognition Software
B．The Challenge of Recognizing Masked Faces
C．The improvement in Facial Recognition Algorithms
D．Different Applications of Facial Recognition Technology發(fā)布：2024/12/7 17:30:2組卷：43引用：2難度：0.5 -
2．Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big，tough African elephants running away，a new study says.Beehives （蜂窩）—either recorded or real—may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.
In 2002，scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms，she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance，Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups，only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees.Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them.When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall （瀑布） instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families，the animals were undisturbed.Even after four minutes，most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know，but her initial （最初的） results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
（1）We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of.
A．loud noises
B．some crops
C．video cameras
D．angry bees
（2）As mentioned in the passage，Lucy.
A．works by herself in Africa
B．needs to test more elephant groups
C．has stopped elephants eating crops
D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms
（3）Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive？
A．To record the sound of bees.
B．To make a video of elephants.
C．To see if elephants would run away.
D．To find out more about the behavior of bees.
（4）Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A．Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D．Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.發(fā)布：2024/12/16 9:0:1組卷：16難度：0.5 -
3．Recently researchers at the University of Zurich are adding a new member to the drone （無人機） family．Unlike most drones whose application is to make selfies （自拍） or transport something，this drone was built with first aid workers and rescue efforts in mind．Disaster sites are rarely of logical shapes and sizes．So having a drone that could change its shape and size to fit through tight spaces on the fly could prove extremely valuable．
As is often the case in experimental robotic projects，researchers met some technical shortcomings at the beginning．The airplane mode of the existing aircraft，such as passenger planes helicopters and the common drones，couldn't meet the demand of different environmental features．Eventually，they turned to animals for inspiration-specifically how some birds can fold their wings to fly through narrow passages．
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（1）What was the new done initially designed to do？
A．To provide disaster relief．
B．To take air photography．
C．To convey a heavy load．
D．To send a message signal．
（2）Where did the researchers get the inspiration？
A．From passenger planes．
B．From small helicopters．
C．From flying creatures．
D．From common drones．
（3）What is the drone's biggest advantage？
A．It has a unique shape．
B．It can change its shape．
C．Its arms are flexible．
D．It can reach its target．
（4）Which can be the best title for the passage？
A．A Drone：To Fold and Unfold in the Sky．
B．A Drone：To Transport Goods in the Future．
C．A Drone：To Make Selfies for Fun．
D．A Drone：To Make a Difference in Rescue．發(fā)布：2024/12/5 13:30:3組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5
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