Everybody seems to know what kindness means.Literally，it means "to suffer together"，a tendency to feel or show sympathy and concern for others.It also refers to the desire to take action that will relieve others' distress.
   Research shows that practicing kindness and compassion makes positive changes in our brajye.ais.In a 2013 study，the researchers studied brain activity in people who practice loving-kindness meditations（冥 想 ），also known as LKM.The results suggest that LKM increases gray matter volume in the part of the brain that is associated with affective regulation.In another study，the results suggested that LKM practice has something to do with emotion processing，which may result in better emotional regulation （控制）.
   Research studies on compassion training indicate that it increases activities in parts of the brain involved in emotional regulation，mood regulation，and decision-making.Research also finds that compassion can activate pleasure circuits（系 統(tǒng)）in the brain，and makes you happy.Compassion lowers stress hormones and strengthens the immune system，helps people feel less vulnerable and lonely，and even reduces the risk of heart disease!The training also helps people strengthen their resilience so that they can stay strong in those hard days.
   Compassion and little acts of kindness can make a big difference.However，don't feel guilty if you had a bad day and weren't kind or compassionate enough.Try again the next day.Life can be difficult，but do not forget that others have bad days as well，and theirs may even be worse.We don't know until they tell us.If somebody is rude to you，it's about them，not about jye.ai.You can answer them with kindness and compassion.
   Don't forget to be kind and compassionate to yourself.Research suggests that self-compassion may serve as a protective factor against stress-induced inflammation（炎 癥）and inflammation-related diseases.Treat your body well by eating healthily and exercising，practicing mindfulness，and doing other things that make you feel good about yourself.If you're kind and compassionate to yourself，it'll be easier to have the same attitude toward others.
   If you want to change bad habits or behaviors，instead of beating yourself up，start with self-compassion.According to a study from the University of California at Los Angeles，people who practice self-compassion are more motivated to improve jye.aimselves.The study also suggests that people can practice compassion by doing some compassionate things，such as volunteering to work with animals or people in need，giving money to their favorite charity，or simply being a shoulder to lean on for another person.It will instantly make you feel better.
   Being compassionate to yourself also means being careful not to overextend or overcomm it yourself at the expense of your physical and emotional health.Be compassionate to yourself first.You don't need to drive your friend to the airport when you have multiple chores that day.If you feel that you have too much on your plate，you probably need to slow down in order to keep your sanity.Being stressed out，frustrated，and tired most of the time isn't good for you or the people around you.It will cause unnecessary stress，tension，and conflicts in your social environment.
   And when individuals develop compassion and kindness it can lead to more compassionate societies.Any act of kindness and compassion that you do to another person will come back to you.It may not necessarily come immediately，or it may come in a different form，but it will show up in your ljye.aie.If you helped another person get through their difficult day，somebody else may help you when you have a flat tire，or when you're sick，your neighbor will shovel snow from your driveway.This is the true power of kindness and compassion.

（1）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us？

C

C

A．The difference between the two studies.
B．The reasons why KLM lightens our mood.
C．The influence KLM has on brain activities.
D．The methods people adopt to practice KLM.
（2）The word "resilience" in Paragraph 3 probably means "

B

B

".
A．the readiness to accept criticism modestly
B．the ability to adjust easily to unfortunate events
C．the ability to remain patient when being annoyed
D．the readiness to forgive other people's wrongdoings
（3）What can we learn from the passage？

B

B

A．Being frustrated and tired harms your social environment.
B．People who give money to charities are compassionate.
C．Helping friends is a priority for compassionate people.
D．People who practice self-compassion can succeed.
（4）What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？

D

D

A．To state that we are living in a compassionate society.
B．To tell us that kind acts come back to us immediately.
C．To show us that the person we helped will help us back.
D．To point out that kindness and compassion are powerful.