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People eat more when they are glued to the television，and the more entertaining the program，the more they eat，according to new research.
It seems that distracted（分心的）brains do not notice what the mouth is doing，said Dr.Alan Hirsch，neurological director of the Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago.Hirsch explored the effect of smell，taste and eating behaviors while watching TV by measuring the number of potato chip eaten.
Forty-five volunteers ate as many chips as they wanted while they watched programs by late-night talk show hosts David Letterman and Jay Leno.They also were given chips to eat when the television was off.Hirsch found people ate an average of 44 percent more chips while watching Letterman and 42 percent more while viewing Leno，than when they did not watch TV.
"If you can concentrate on how the food tastes you'll eat less because you'll feel full faster，" Hirsch said in an interview at the Endocrine Society's annual meeting in Toronto. "So if that's the case，let's look at the opposite.What if you're distracted？If you're distracted，in theory，then you'd eat more."
Through his research at the foundation，Hirsch has helped people overcome the loss of sense and taste sensation，which typically results in weight gain because the brain does not know when it should stop eating.
The ventromedial nucleus（腹內(nèi)側(cè)核） in the hypothalamus（丘腦下部），where the so-called satiety（飽足） center is located，tells the body whether it is hungry or full.If it is stopped or ticked，the result can be changed in eating patterns，he said，"People who cook spaghetti all day don't feel like eating spaghetti at the end of the day，" said Hirsch. "By being exposed to a smell all day long it's tricking the hypothalamus."
Volunteers were asked to concentrate on the sensory characteristics of the food such as taste and smell.Researchers say these sensory taste and smell，in addition to internal body changes，signal satiety.But when distracted，a person does not pay attention to either the body's sensations of feeling full，or to the sensory characteristics of the food.
Many studies have linked obesity to watching television and that link is likely due to inactivity，Hirsch said.But perhaps entertaining shows are also contributing. "If you want to lose weight，turn off the television or watch something boring，" he said.
（1）What does the underlined word "glued to" in Paragraph 1 mean？ DD
A．a(chǎn)way from.
B．performing in.
C．close to.
D．lost in.
（2）How did Hirsch carry out the research？ CC
A．By watching people eat.
B．By interviewing people.
C．By counting how many chips people eat.
D．By observing how people watch television.
（3）What do Hirsch's words in Para 6 mean？ BB
A．They think spaghetti unhealthy.
B．They have smelt spaghetti enough.
C．They don't like eating spaghetti.
D．Spaghetti has affected the hypothalamus.
（4）What's the main idea of this passage？ AA
A．People eat more when watching TV.
B．It is not good for our health to eat chips.
C．People enjoy eating while watching TV.
D．How people can enjoy the TV programs.
【答案】D；C；B；A
【解答】
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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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1．British children's writer Roald Dahl ate chocolates and sweets "pretty much every mealtime"，remembers daughter Ophelia Dahl．
After dinner，whether dining alone or entertaining guests，Dahl would pass around a little red plastic box full of Mars Bars，Milky Ways，Maltesers，Kit Kats and much more．
He knew the history of all the sweets and could tell you exactly when they were invented．1937 was a big year when Kit Kats （his favorite），Rolos and Smarties （his dog，chopper's favorite） were invented．He wrote a history of chocolate，lecturing schoolchildren to commit such dates to memory（熟記），such as 1928 when "Cadbury's Fruit and Nut Bar popped up on the scene"，saying． "Don't bother with the Kings and Queens of England．All of you should learn these dates instead．Perhaps the Headmistress（女校長(zhǎng)）will see from now on that it becomes part of the major teaching in this school．"
According to Dahl，the Golden Years of Chocolate were 1930-1937．In 1930，Roald Dahl was 14 years old．He was a student at Repton，a famous boys' boarding school in England．It was a tough environment：those in authority were more interested in controlling than educating the students．
Ironically（諷刺地），it was at this difficult period that chocolate became Dahl's passion．Near Repton was a Cadbury chocolate factory．Every so often，Cadbury would send each schoolboy a sampler（樣品）box of new chocolates to taste and grade．They were using the students---"the greatest chocolate bar experts in the world to test out their new inventions．
This was when Dahl's imagination took flight．He pictured factories with inventing rooms with pots of chocolate and fudge（軟糖）and "all sorts of other delicious fillings bubbling away on the stoves"．
"It was lovely dreaming those dreams…when I was looking for a plot for my second book for children．I remembered those little cardboard boxes（紙盒）and the newly invented chocolates inside them，and I began to write a book called Charlie and the Chocolate Factory．"
For the record，Roald Dahl did not like chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream．He said， "I prefer my chocolate straight．"
（1）What's the purpose of the first paragraph？
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A．the dream about chocolates．
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D．Chocolate cakes and ice cream發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．Recently，a film star has been giving away free books on the London Underground．If you're a bookworm，a Harry Potter fan and a London Underground user，then it's been an exciting month for you．
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（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true？
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（3）What's the author's attitude towards Emma Watson's leaving books on the train？
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D．pessimistic發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5 -
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（1）What makes it hard for the author to learn German？
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D．To share the author's stories of learning a new language．發(fā)布：2025/1/30 8:0:1組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5