當(dāng)前位置： 2022-2023學(xué)年黑龍江省大慶實驗中學(xué)高一（上）期末英語試卷> 試題詳情

Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell.Recent studies have found，among other things，that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads."
The review explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain.According to Conrad King，the researcher who carried out the review，"more than any other senses，the sense of smell goes through the logical（邏輯的） part of the brain and acts on the systems related to feelings.This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the plan of the best dieter."
   Smell has always been the least understood of our senses.Our noses are able to detect up to 10，000 different smells.Our ability to smell and taste this large range of smells is controlled by something like 1，000 genes（基因），which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome（基因組）.Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their amazing research on the nature of this special sense.These two scientists were the first to describe the family of 1，000 olfactory（嗅覺） genes and to explain how our olfactory system works.
   According如o one study in the research review，smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users.They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads，The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry，and therefore eager to satisfy their needs.
   However，the smells of peppermint and cinnamon（薄荷和桂皮） were shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers' impatience.Similarly，the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to help to get clear thinking and mental focus.
   However，the way genes control smell differs from person to person.A study by researchers in Israel has recognized at least 50 olfactory genes which are turned on in some people and not in others.They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them.The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors（感受器）.

（1）What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck find out？
C
C

A．The type of food smells.
B．The logical part of human brain.
C．The nature of human olfactory system.
D．The relationship between food and feelings.
（2）Which of the following can help people concentrate？
D
D

A．Bread.
B．Fruits.
C．Fast food.
D．Coffee.
（3）What do we know from the last paragraph？
C
C

A．Every person has a different pattern of genes.
B．Some people can recognize up to 50 smells.
C．Different people are sensitive to different smells.
D．There are still some olfactory genes to be found out.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？
B
B

A．Logic and behaviour.
B．Smell and its influence.
C．Sense ability and food tastes.
D．Olfactory genes and its system.

【考點】說明文；科普知識．

【答案】C；D；C；B

【解答】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

相似題

1．Earthquakes happen without warning（前兆）.They can happen any time of a day，at any point during the year.But don't worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt.Only a few big ones hurt people.However，it's important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.
   Do not go outside.You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings.If you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines （輸電線）.
   Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture.Hold on to it.Or stay in a corner of the building.Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing.Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
   Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and hurt you.Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself.
   Also keep away from a fire.You could fall down and burn yourself in the fire.
   If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if it's safe.Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and don't drive near bridges.Try not to stop by power lines or trees.These could fall and hurt you.

（1）Most earthquakes are too

to hurt people.
A．strong
B．weak
C．dangerous
D．heavy
（2）From the passage，when an earthquake is happening，we should

.
A．stay under a big building
B．stay under a strong furniture
C．stand by windows
D．drive near a big bridge
（3）It isn't safe for you to

while the earthquake is happening.
A．run out of the building
B．stay in a corner of the building
C．cover your head with your arms
D．cover your mouth with a towel
（4）What's the main idea of the passage？

A．How dangerous the earthquake is.
B．How to be safe in an earthquake.
C．We shouldn't be afraid of the earthquake.
D．How the earthquake comes into being.
發(fā)布：2024/10/29 12:30:2組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5
解析
2．What do you use your fridge for：It can not only keep your food cold，but also make ice and freeze food．But in the future smart fridges may do much more than you can think．They may tell you what food is inside，what food you need，what food is healthy for you，and even shop for you，too!
   Some companies are making online fridges which have a computer screen on the door．And it can be very useful that the computer is linked to a supermarket through the Internet．For example，when you finish your orange juice，you can put the empty juice carton（紙盒包裝） near the computer screen．The computer reads the bar code on the juice carton．Then it orders more orange juice from the supermarket．You can also use the computer screen to order other things from the supermarket．The computer screen has a series of things that are in the store．You can choose what you need．The supermarket will send the food to your home．
   Companies are making other kinds of "smart" appliances（電器），too．There is a new kind of microwave oven（微波爐） which has a computer memory．It can remember 365 different cookbooks．There is also a smart mixer that can remember cookbooks．Even it can test ingredients for you!
   Of course，sometimes these smart appliances don't work．When they do，they will tell you．And then they can call someone to fix them，too!

（1）Your fridges can do the following things except

．
A．keep food warm
B．make ice
C．keep food cold
D．freeze food
（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "linked" in Paragraph 2？

A．Prepared．
B．Connected．
C．Offered．
D．Formed．
（3）Which is not true？

A．The oven can call someone to fix itself when it doesn't work．
B．The oven can store 365 cookbooks．
C．The mixer can test ingredients for you．
D．The mixer can help you clean the kitchen．
（4）What is the main idea of the text？

A．Online fridges have a computer screen on the door．
B．Fridges of the future will order food from the supermarket．
C．Smart appliances，like online fridges，can be very helpful．
D．People won't have to go to supermarkets to buy food in the future．
發(fā)布：2024/10/29 0:0:2組卷：67引用：2難度：0.7
解析
3．Everyone knows that fish is good for health．（1）

But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home．Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home．Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn't difficult．（2）

This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way．
（3）

Fresh fish should smell sweet：you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge．Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh．（4）

When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two．Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one．
There are many common methods used to cook fish．（5）

First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices（調(diào)料）．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound．（A larger one will take more time．）Then，it's ready to serve．

A．Do not buy it．
B．The easiest is to steam it．
C．This is how you can do it．
D．It just requires a little knowledge．
E．The fish will go bad within hours．
F．When buying fish，you should first smell it．
G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease．
發(fā)布：2024/10/28 19:30:1組卷：381引用：62難度：0.7
解析

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