2022-2023學年上海市莘莊中學高二（上）期末英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/11/10 18:30:2
ultiple Choice： （choose the best answer 20%）
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1．When you finish reading this book，you will have_______ better understanding of_______ life．（ ?。?/h2>
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2．Our neighbor _______ the street has decided to hold a garden party despite cold weather.（ ?。?/h2>
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3．She thought I was talking with the boss，_______，in fact，I was talking with my husband.（ ?。?/h2>
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4．Three hundred pounds ______ really a large sum for him，who has just left school.（ ?。?/h2>
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5．___________by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm．（ ?。?/h2>
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6．Here are some rules and regulations that we ____ so that we can live peacefully.（ ?。?/h2>
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7．Domestic house cats exhibit the same wild characteristic as __________ cousins.（ ?。?/h2>
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8．Until the very latest moment of his existence，man has been bound to the planet _____ he originated and developed.（ ?。?/h2>
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Directions Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （22%）
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25．A child's nap often provides a much-needed rest for parents too.Time for an uninterrupted phone call，or a rest on the sofa.And naps have to be a good thing for preschools，surely，since they need to take a rest and get enough sleep for their brains to develop.Short naps have also been shown to be good for adults---improving alertness and reaction time.
So it feels counterintuitive for a review of 26 studies to conclude that napping in children over two years of age may not be a good idea at all.The review says that after two years of age，napping is associated with going to sleep late at night，poorer quality sleep and waking earlier.So should we discourage naps in preschool children -even if they really seem to need one？
Although the review talks about the effects of napping on two-year-olds，most of the evidence in review actually comes from studies on three-year-olds.Also，the authors of the view article are clear that the research on children's naps is of poor quality；some studies rely on parents' remembering how much their children slept，or are for very short periods.
A study published in the journal of attention disorders in February suffers from some methodological shortcomings （for instance small numbers --only 28 children between the ages of three and four，and only for five days），but is at least a randomized （任意的） controlled trial，using actigraphs （活動記錄儀） worn on the wrist to objectively measure sleep.It found that children who missed their naps slept better at night and scored higher in studies of memory and attention.
Dr Mark Mahone，one of the authors，says that sleep at night may be of a better quality than during daytime napping.Having a sound sleep at night，he says，provides a greater proportion of the slow-wave，restorative sleep that promotes brain development and reinforces what has been learned the day before.The study also found that the children who went without naps did not sleep more at weekends.
"I could never get my children to nap，but for parents who can，there is no reason to stop".Mahone says that more research is needed before anyone starts making recommendation，and children's sleep requirements are known to be variable.
（1）The word ''counterintuitive'' in Para.2 most probably means.
A．difficult.
B．unreasonable.
C．revolutionary.
D．meaningless.
（2）What does the author think of the study published in Attention Disoders？
A．Its objects are too young to take the test.
B．Its findings are reliable due to the actigraphs.
C．It has enough objects to produce the results.
D．It provides various ways to help adults to take naps.
（3）According to Dr Mark Mahone，a better-quality night sleep will result in.
A．frequent rests on the sofa.
B．higher efficiency of learning.
C．more serious attention disorder.
D．fewer daytime naps at weekends.
（4）The author talks mainly about his or her.
A．opinions on whether children needs naps.
B．various systemic studies on children's naps.
C．comments on some studies on children's naps.
D．understanding of the functions of children's naps.組卷：7引用：1難度：0.3
Directions： Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable headings from the list below for the passage. Note that there are two extra headings. （8%）
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26．
What's in a word？Some words are more difficult than others to explain or define.Some are hard to define because we have strong feelings about them.We have strong emotions about word such as divorce or childhood.We may feel sad，happy，or angry when we think about these words.Definitions of other words have changed as people and the world have changed.Traditionally，the word "mother" meant both female parent and primary caregiver（the person who cares for the children）.The word "father" meant both male parent and breadwinner（the person who earns money for the family）.（1）A.People redefine themselves and their family relationships.
B.Yes，the definition of mother has changed for some women，but not for all.
C.If there was a "mother，" then usually there was a "father."
D.Children need parents who will love them，not own them or use them.
E.After two years of carefully thinking about the decision，Marianne chose to adopt and now has a beautiful little boy.
F.This untraditional parent thinks he is lucky.In generally，this is still true，but two points of this traditional definition are changing.
There is a growing number of single women who want to be mothers.They have not included a man，or "father，" in their plans.These women are choosing to have babies and raise them alone.They are not widows or divorces.They are mostly women with good jobs.They are economically independent.They are in their late 30s，and they have never found "Mr.Right"（a man they would like to marry）."I decide I wasn't going to turn 40 without at least exploring the possibility of having a child，" explains Marianne Boswell，a single mother living in the Boston area." I wanted it to be a conscious decision，as opposed to something that just didn't happen to me."
These women become mothers in different ways.Some adopt a baby.Some carefully choose a partner.Others choose donor insemination，a medical process that can cause pregnancy.The National Center for Health Statistics reports that 32% of all births are now to unmarried women.In 1960，the rate was only 5.3%.（2）There is another group that is also questioning the traditional defjye.aiitions.In this group are men who choose to stay at home and care for their children.They，not their wives，are the primary caregivers.As Randall Mitchell says in the movie "Mr.Mom，" "When my daughter wakes up at night，she calls for her daddy" （3）
As society changes，our definitions change. （4）As a result，we may need to create some new words.Somehow， "single mother" and "Mr.Mom" do not seem like very good names.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5