2022-2023學年北京八中高二（上）期末英語試卷

完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

• 1．Thursday would be huge.But when coach announced the championship game would be a night game on Thursday，Devin's heart （1）

  .The concert was at the same time as the game.And Ms.Poltis had（2）

  Devin to sing a brief solo （獨唱）.Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title and he was a big reason - he （3）

  the league in scoring，Devin frowned （皺眉）.He couldn't disappoint his team by （4）

  the game.
     That night，Devin lay in bed，staring at the trophies（獎杯）from races，baseball leagues and free-throw contests which（5）

  his shelves.The solo was only four lines in the middle of a song，but the thought of singing（6）

  made him shiver（顫抖）.He'd never sung a solo before.Now it was a relief to know he didn't have to.The soccer game was a perfect（7）

  .While at the moment Ms.Poltis' words came to his mind "I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard，like the person in the song.And you have a very nice voice.So don't be nervous.Be proud." It was no secret that several other choir members had（8）

  singing voices than he did.But he liked the song，and he（9）

  how kind and inspiring Ms.Poltis always was.Finally Devin made a choice and whispered the solo with（10）

  ， "no matter how hard the struggle.I will never let you down…"
  
  

  （1）	A．bled	B．sank	C．hurt	D．beat
  （2）	A．taught	B．allowed	C．chosen	D．ordered
  （3）	A．led	B．won	C．joined	D．formed
  （4）	A．watching	B．playing	C．entering	D．skipping
  （5）	A．lined	B．piled	C．covered	D．decorated
  （6）	A．loudly	B．outside	C．alone	D．proudly
  （7）	A．platform	B．request	C．condition	D．excuse
  （8）	A．louder	B．stronger	C．softer	D．deeper
  （9）	A．appreciated	B．accepted	C．confirmed	D．praised
  （10）	A．tension	B．patience	C．sorrow	D．confidence
  組卷：22難度：0.5

  解析

語法填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

• 2．A
      World Health Day is celebrated every year on April 7，the founding day of the WHO.（1）

  （establish） in 1950，this event has a theme each year to draw attention to a current world health issue.The day is also used to highlight the （2）

  （important） of personal health.For common people，we can take some extra steps （3）

  （care） for our health like getting a gym membership （and going!） or starting a diet.
  B
      In March 2018，a couple opened the first Zero Green in Bristol，（4）

  （sell） food and household items entirely without packaging.Shoppers （5）

  （encourage） to bring their own containers to take their shopping home.（6）

  there was a lot of trial and error，plus additional challenges，they believe （7）

  they are doing is a sustainable business model.
  C
      Recently，many who drink milk have switched to plant-based milks （8）

  （come） from almonds，soy or rice.And the newest star among them is oat milk.This creamy，delicious drink makes coffee，cereal，and baked goods taste delicious.Another reason for its （9）

  （popular） lies in its benefits.Oat milk contains vitamins and minerals.It also has fiber，which can help to reduce the risk of heart disease.It is （10）

  （cheap） to make and requires less water to produce than some other plant-based milks.Some people believe it's an environmentally-friendly choice.
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

• 3．Dear Koko，
     I've learned about you from my amazing teacher．I think it's fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language．I've spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart．
     It's heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas （大猩猩）．In Africa，for example，the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat．They don't understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas．Another thing is the loss of gorillas' natural home，which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports．When we cut down trees，you become homeless．We take away your shelter and sources of food，leaving you with very little chance of survival．
     Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems．Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime．Over the past three months，my class has been researching on gorillas，and I've learned so many things．For example，I've learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do．I think that you are really worth saving．
     We've come up with many ideas to help you and your fellows．One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas．Another idea is to make public laws on the killers．I also think we need to keep educating people about gorillas．
     I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important you've become to our class．Would it be too much to ask for a return letter？
  Mike
  （1）According to the passage，Koko is probably

  ．
  A．a killer of gorillas
  B．a member of the gorilla family
  C．an expert on gorillas
  D．a governor in charge of gorillas
  （2）What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph？

  
  A．The problems gorillas face at present．
  B．The danger gorillas cause for humans．
  C．The unique characteristic gorillas have．
  D．The natural environment gorillas live in．
  （3）The author suggests that

  ．
  A．gorillas should be protected in nature reserves
  B．killers for gorillas should be legally responsible
  C．organizations should be set up to protect gorillas
  D．people should make donations to gorilla protection
  組卷：24引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 4．Five days a week，28-year-old Ebony Smith arrives at Changing Gears Bike Shop at 10：50 a.m.，ten minutes before opening.Walking into the shop，she turns on the lights，opens the register，and reviews the repair orders.For the next several hours she will repair bikes with professional skill and care，and guide customers through bike choices like an experienced rider，learning about their needs and preferences，and helping them to find the perfect fit.
     Although Smith had almost no experience riding a bike and didn't even enjoy riding one when she first came to Changing Gears，she has stayed in the position for nearly a decade now，and her customers are thankful to her heartfelt assistance.What's more，many of the shop visitors are youth from families living in low-income housing named Alameda Point.Smith lived in this neighborhood throughout her childhood，and to these youngsters and families she is a positive role model-someone determined to succeed in spite of educational and financial struggles.
     When she first began at Changing Gears at 19 years old，Smith was living with her parents，who struggled to make a living.She had failed to earn a high school diploma when she didn't pass California's high school exit exam.However，when a three-month job training position opened at the bike shop in 2008，Smith took a chance to，as she says， "turn her life around".She signed up and was quickly hired.
     Smith is just one of the thousands of Changing Gears' employees around the world，and her continued success at Changing Gears embodies the shop's duty to "operate a bicycle-based social enterprise that meets the needs of the underprivileged of our local area".
     In addition，the shop has a strong environmental focus，which includes bicycle reuse and recycling.Throughout the years Changing Gears has also engaged youth and families in bicycle field trips and provided free bicycle parking and repair service at local farmers' markets in order to encourage bike riding as a practical and green form of transportation.
     Through its blending（協(xié)調）of effective small business practices with a social and environmental duty，Changing Gears stays inspired to use bicycles as a vehicle for social change.
  
  （1）What can we learn about Ebony Smith？

  
  A．She is a bike shop owner.
  B．She is a professional rider.
  C．She has a good knowledge of bikes.
  D．She has a lot of shopping experience.
  （2）What helped Ebony Smith get into the career？

  
  A．Family support.
  B．Personal interest.
  C．Training opportunity.
  D．High school education.
  （3）What does the underlined word "embodies" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

  
  A．Be an example of.
  B．Be similar to.
  C．Be the reason for.
  D．Be modeled after.
  （4）Which of the following is Changing Gears' duty？

  
  A．Making bike donations.
  B．Offering help to the poor people.
  C．Improving bike-riding techniques.
  D．Drawing people's attention to bike enterprises.
  組卷：7難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．Scientists say we are all born with a talent for mathematics.Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends，we're exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.
     Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists.In 1989，he met Mr.N who had suffered a serious brain injury.Mr.N couldn't recognize the number 5，or add 2 and 2.But he still knew that there are "about 50 minutes" in an hour.Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case：there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains.One area is responsible for the math we learn in school，and the other judges approximate amounts.
     So what does the brain's estimation center do for us？Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers.When he asks 5-year-olds to solve a problem like 21+30，they can't do it.But he has also asked them questions such as，"Sarah has 21 candles and gets 30 more.John has 34 candles.Who has more candles？" It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that.Before they've learned how to do math with numerals and symbols，their brains' approximation centers are already hard at work.
     After we learn symbolic math，do we still have any use for our inborn math sense？Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study.He challenged a group of 14-year-olds with an approximation test：The kids stared at a computer screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by，too quickly to count.Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots.The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were 25 yellow dots and 10 blue ones.When the groups were closer in size，11 yellow dots and 10 blue ones，fewer kids answered correctly.
     The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids' approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests.He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores，and vice versa（反之亦然）.It seems that，far from being irrelevant，your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.
  
  （1）From the first two studies，we can learn that estimation center

  .
  A．is divided into two separate mathematical areas
  B．can help figure out numerals and symbols problems
  C．functions independently in both kids' and adults' brains
  D．works better when symbolic parts are injured or undergrown
  （2）What most surprised Justin in the study of 14-year-olds？

  
  A．The variety of math abilities in different students.
  B．The link between technology skills and estimation skills.
  C．The difficulty of the task as the number of dots increased.
  D．The connection between estimation skills and formal math ability.
  （3）What could be the best title for the passage？

  
  A．Born with a Sense of Math
  B．Go beyond What You Can Learn
  C．Symbolic Math and Estimation Math
  D．Our Brain一a Born Mathematician
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

• 6．Earth is experiencing its sixth mass extinction：somewhere between 30 and 159 species（物種） disappear every day，and more than 300 types of animals have died out since 1500.This is not good for the future of life on our planet，but what if we could make some of the extinct species come back to life？Thanks to ongoing advances in DNA recovery and cloning technology，de-extinction may soon be realized，and we may see Tasmanian Tigers，or Dodo Birds back into existence in the near future.
     Some scientists are confident and optimistic about de-extinction.They think that the best reasons for de-extinction have more to do with ecology than tourism. "If this is always going to be a zoo animal，then stop，" says Ben Novak，the lead researcherat Revive & Restore—a foundation devoted to rescuing endangered and extinct species in San Francisco，California. "The goals have to be about ecological restoration and function."
     Take passenger pigeons for example.Their numbers reached nearly 5 billion at the start of the 19th century，and they played an important role in shaping the forests they inhabited（居?。?After their extinction，the forests have never been the same. "The passenger pigeon is a very important ecological species if we want their original habitat back." Novak says.
     However，we need to think twice about Novak's idea.Any new scientific initiative is bound to have risks，so is de-extinction.Although some assume that de-extinction may help the environment，we can't be so sure.The de-extinct animals would now be strangers to their habitats.As the habitat is no longer what it was，the species role within the ecosystem may have also changed.This could be actually a threat to the other species within the environment as the de-extinct animals enter the area and compete for food sources.Once again we're trying to force nature to act in a certain way，rather than letting it remain natural.
     Many scientists also believe that priorities（優(yōu)先權） would change within the conservation of currently endangered species.Would we still put in the effort to preserve living animals if we knew we could just magically bring them back from the dead？Douglas McCauley，an ecologist at University of California，Santa Barbara，stresses this worry. "Honestly，the thing that scares me most is that the public absorbs the misimpression that extinction is no longer scary.The general attitude becomes：Deforest，no worry，we can reforest.If we drive something extinct，no worry，we can de-extinct it." said McCauley.
     It seems that with the subject of de-extinction，we must look at our reasons for doing such a thing.Yes，we may，in the near future，be able to de-extinct the extinct species.But does that mean we should？Are the risks really worth it？Does it make sense to focus on the dead than the living？And who are we truly benefiting in the end？
  
  （1）Ben Novak probably agrees that

  .
  A．the value of de-extinctionlies in tourism
  B．de-extinct animals are unfit to live in the zoo
  C．de-extinction results from the change of ecosystem
  D．de-extinction aims to bring back former environment
  （2）What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 5？

  
  A．People's impressions on lost species.
  B．Change of public attitude towards de-extinction.
  C．Importance of the conservation of living animals.
  D．Effects of de-extinction on the protection of endangered species.
  （3）What is the author's attitude toward de-extinction？

  
  A．Optimistic.
  B．Doubtful.
  C．Neutral.
  D．Supportive.
  （4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？

  
  I：Introduction P：Point Sp：Sub-point （次要點） C：Conclusion
  A．
  B．
  C．
  D．
  組卷：10難度：0.4

  解析

根據首字母和英文釋義，填寫適當的單詞（共10小題；每小題0.5分，共5分）請將完整的單詞拼寫填在答題紙上。

• 18．Since our research so far has not produced any answers to this problem，we need to adopt a different a

  to it. （n.a way of dealing with somebody / something）
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

書面表達（15分）

• 19．假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你校英國留學生Jim最近在學習漢語的過程中遇到了許多困難，希望你給他一些學習漢語的建議，請你給Jim回信，提出你的建議，內容包括：
  （1）Jim遇到的困難；
  （2）你的建議。
  注意：（1）詞數100左右；
  （2）開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。
  
      Dear Jim，
  
    Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：9難度：0.5

  解析