2021年甘肅省天水市秦安縣民生高級(jí)中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷

第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分0分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分0分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers，small，tightly knit（聯(lián)系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.
     Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialization，the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
     At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400，and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number（中位數(shù)） of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
     Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction，with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers），Chiapaneco in Mexico（150），Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia（one，with a questionmark）：none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
  
  （1）What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times？

  
  A．They developed very fast
  B．They were large in number.
  C．They had similar patterns.
  D．They were closely connected.
  （2）Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in Paragraph 2？

  
  A．Complex.
  B．Advanced.
  C．Powerful.
  D．Modern.
  （3）How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？

  
  A．About 6，800.
  B．About 3，400.
  C．About 2，400.
  D．About 1，200.
  （4）What is the main idea of the text？

  
  A．New languages will be created.
  B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
  C．Human development results in fewer languages.
  D．Geography determines language evolution.
  組卷：48引用：7難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．"Siri，what's the weather like in San Francisco？"
     "Today's，forecast for San Antonio is..."
     "No.San FRAN-CIS-CO ! !"
     "The tapper Sisqo was born in Baltimore，Maryland."
     Sometimes，talking to an artificially intelligent robot is，well，not so intelligent.
     Yohav Shoham，the Stanford computer science professor，said， "AI has made truly amazing progress in the past decade，but computers still can't exhibit the common sense or the general intelligence of even a 5-year-old." Yann LeCun，a French scientist，put it more simply. "We're very far from having machines that can learn the most basic things about the world in the way humans and animals can do.In particular areas machines have superhuman performance，but in terms of general intelligence they're not even close to a rat，" he explained.
     Oren Etzioni，an Israeli scientist，said， "There's a brand of science fiction （小說(shuō)） that's very dystopian （反面烏托邦的）.These works of fiction talk about how the world is going to get much worse.I'm too much of an optimist to get a lot of pleasure out of reading such stories."
     However，robots are becoming smarter.Indeed，our homes are becoming more intelligent when we place devices like the Amazon Echo and Google Home on our kitchen counter.But at least for the moment anyway，we shouldn't feel intimidated by this artificial intelligence.
     There are robots that move like animals and robots that offer guidance.There's even a robot that can paint a picture of Einstein and a robot that can fold your laundry.Robots are not taking over the world yet.So for now，we can simply sit back and relax.And have a robot waiter pour us a drink.
  
  （1）What does the dialogue at the beginning of，the text tell us？

  
  A．Robots aren't as smart as we expect.
  B．It isn't easy to forecast the weather correctly.
  C．A speaker may be misunderstood by another.
  D．Weather is a good subject to start a conversation.
  （2）What do the scientists think about the artificially intelligent robots now？

  
  A．They have superhuman performance in kitchen tasks.
  B．They have the common sense of a 5-year-old.
  C．They can only learn the basic things of humans.
  D．They are still poor at general intelligence.
  （3）How did Oren find the dystopian science fiction？

  
  A．Pleasant.
  B．Typical.
  C．Realistic.
  D．Controversial.
  （4）What does the underlined word "intimidated" mean？

  
  A．Comforted.
  B．Astonished.
  C．Threatened.
  D．Disappointed.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Blowing bubbles is fun!The best thing about bubbles is that it's easy to make your own bubble solution （溶液）.You can make as much as you want and blow as many bubbles as you'd like.If you add a "secret" ingredient（配料），you'll get bigger and stronger bubbles!Do just as follows：
     Measure 6 cups of water into one container，then pour 1 cup of dish soap into the water and slowly stir it until the soap is mixed in.Try not to let bubbles from while you stir.
     Measure 1 tablespoon of glycerin（甘油） or 1/4 cup of corn syrup（玉米糖漿） and add it to the container.Stir the solution until it is mixed together.
     You can use the solution right away，but to make even better bubbles，put the lid on the container and let your super bubble solution sit overnight.The soap mixture on the outside of a bubble is actually made of three very thin layers：soap，water，and another layer of soap.A bubble pops when the water that is trapped between the layers of soap evaporates （蒸發(fā)）.The glycerin or corn syrup mixes with the soap to make it thicker.The thicker skin of the bubbles keeps the water from evaporating as quickly，so they last longer.It also makes them stronger，so you can blow bigger bubbles.
     Dip a bubble wand or straw into the mixture，slowly pull it out，wait a few seconds，and then blow.If you don't have a ready-made "bubble wand"，you can make your own by cutting off the end of the bulb of a plastic pipet.Dip the cut end in solution and blow through the narrow end.You can also make a loop out of thin wire or pipe cleaner.Just twist a round end on your wire to blow the bubbles through.You can even make it heart-shaped，square or use other shapes if you're clever enough to bend it well.
  
  （1）For what purpose is the text written？

  
  A．To argue.
  B．To advertise.
  C．To entertain.
  D．To instruct.
  （2）What does the secret in making bigger and stronger bubbles lie in？

  
  A．The soap.
  B．The corn syrup.
  C．The water.
  D．The straw.
  （3）What can you use a bubble wand to do？

  
  A．Blow bubbles.
  B．Mix the solution.
  C．Measure soap.
  D．Shape wires.
  （4）What can we infer from Paragraph 4？

  
  A．More soap，more bubbles.
  B．Less water，better bubbles.
  C．Stronger skin，more bubbles.
  D．Thicker layers，bigger bubbles.
  組卷：21引用：4難度：0.7

  解析

寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分0分）第一節(jié) 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分0分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分0分）

• 8．假定你是李華。你的外國(guó)筆友Jim發(fā)來(lái)一封郵件，詢(xún)問(wèn)你家鄉(xiāng)近幾年發(fā)生的變化。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)提示，給他寫(xiě)一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：
  1.陳述家鄉(xiāng)的變化；
  2.談?wù)勀愕母惺堋?br />注意：
  1.詞數(shù)80左右；
  2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  組卷：15引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分0分）

• 9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
      It was the closing time of the mall.But there was still an hour's work to get everything cleaned up.It would be 11：00 pm after I finally got home.
      I hadn't even had time to have dinner.I was starving.My feet ached.My whole body，from head to foot，was filled with tiredness.I couldn't wait to crawl into bed.I had to get up at 5：00 am the next day.
      Things had been tight for over a year.My husband Paul's business had taken a huge hit.Without me taking my second job，there wouldn't be enough money at the end of the month to pay the bills，let alone buy any Christmas presents for our 15-year-old daughter，Marie.No one wanted to wake up on Christmas morning with a bare tree.
      Even so，I wondered how I could possibly handle everything-I work full-time at a day care，then I work nights at the mall，and somehow I do my homework for my college class，too.Not to mention what it was doing to my family.
      I barely even saw Paul and my daughter anymore.Marie was growing up，but a teenage girl still needs her mom.I worried about her，about us.Was she eating enough？Keeping up with her school work？
      I wasn't afraid of hard work or sacrifice （犧牲）.Everyone had to dig deeper these days and put in extra hours.I knew I was blessed to have two jobs when millions of people couldn't find one.How I hoped to quit my job at the day care and complete a degree full-time.I'd dropped one class for a semester（學(xué)期）.If I quit that，there was no way I'd find the willpower to try again.
      Besides，wasn't I always telling Marie to keep hoping，keep working and never give up？What kind of example was I setting for my daughter？Suddenly，someone was banging hard at the back door of the mall.Then I went to the door and cautiously cracked it open...It was Marie.She had just finished babysitting.
  Paragraph 1：
      She smiled and held out a bag of food._________.
  Paragraph 2：
      I pulled her tight against me but the warmth，the comfort I felt went way beyond even the best hug from my daughter._________.
  組卷：19引用：2難度：0.5

  解析