2022年江蘇省南京師大附中高考英語模擬試卷（5月份）
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳 選項。
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1．What is identity theft？ Identity theft occurs when someone steals your personal information to take over your credit accounts，open new ones，access bank accounts，or commit many other crimes in your name and at your expense.When it strikes，the effects can be disastrous.What's more，because it frequently involves no physical theft，identity theft may not be noticed by its victims until significant damage has already been done-often several months and thousands of pounds later.It's estimated that more than 100，000 people are affected by identity theft in the UK each year，costing the British economy over ￡1.3 billion annually.
How does it happen？
These are some of the ways crooks get hold of your personal information：
?Fake emails
You may receive an email seemingly from，say，your bank requesting that you follow a link and key information into a website that looks very similar to your bank's own site but is in fact a fake.
?Pretext phone calls
A crook pretending to be an official from，for example，your bank may phone up asking you to give personal or account details as a security check.
?Dishonest people
Sometimes sales assistants，unknown（不知情的）to you，swipe your card through a machine which records its details.At the workplace，a fellow employee can use your personal details fraudulently.
How can you protect yourself？
Be careful who you give your personal details to，and tear up documents like credit-card slips before you throw them away.Don't make this serious crime easy for crooks!
（1）What do we know about identity theft according to the passage？
A．It is a frequent physical theft.
B．It is only committed by strangers.
C．It is easy to be noticed by victims.
D．It is costly to individuals and society.
（2）Identity theft may happen when.
A．you receive an email from your bank
B．you give personal details to a fake website
C．you are requested to pay in cash by sales assistants
D．you tear bank documents before throwing them away
（3）What is the text？
A．A financial survey.
B．A book review.
C．A security report.
D．A history paper.組卷：14引用：2難度：0.5 -
2．The people who called into the help hotlines and domestic violence shelters said they felt as if they were going crazy.One woman said the code numbers of the digital lock at her front door changed every day and she could not figure out why.Still another said she kept hearing the doorbell ring，but no one was there.
Their stories are part of a new pattern of behavior in domestic abuse cases tied to the rise of smart home technology.Internet-connected locks，speakers，lights and cameras marketed as the newest conveniences are now also being used as a means for monitoring，revenge and control.
In more than 30 interviews with The New York Times，domestic abuse victims，their lawyers，shelter workers and emergency responders described how the technology was becoming an alarming new tool.Abusers-using apps on ther smartphones，which are connected to the Internet-enabled devices-would remotely control everyday objects in the home，sometimes to watch and listen，other times to scare or show power.Even after a partner had left the home，the devices often stayed and continued to be used to threaten and confuse.
For victims，the experiences were often aggravated by a lack of knowledge about how smart technology works，how much power the other person had over the devices，how to legally deal with the behavior and how to make it stop.
"People have started to ask what to do about this，" said Erica Olsen，director of the Safety Net Project at the National Network to End Domestic Violence.When it came to discussing the misuse of emerging technologies，she said： "we don't want to introduce the idea to the world，but now that it's become so common，the cat's out of the bag."
Connected home devices have been increasing in domestic abuse cases over the past year.Several lawyers said they were arguing about how to add language to the current restraining orders to cover smart home technology.
（1）What is the problem with the Internet-enabled devices？
A．They give rise to complaints in the help hotlines.
B．They are being employed in domestic abuse.
C．They are unaffordable as newest conveniences.
D．They threaten the market of smart home technology.
（2）The underlined word "aggravated" in Paragraph 4 means.
A．worsened
B．broadened
C．reflected
D．guaranteed
（3）According to Erica Olsen，the discussion of the misuse of emerging technologies is.
A．insignificant
B．unavoidable
C．controversial
D．optional
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Officials have trouble drawing up laws to protect people's privacy.
B．Smart home technology has made people's houses unsafe to live in.
C．Connected home devices lead to the increase in domestic abuse.
D．Laws need to be revised to restrict the use of smart home technology.組卷：23引用：2難度：0.5 -
3．Autism is a lifelong disability that affects how people interact with others.While the exact cause of autism is unknown，its development in children has been linked to various factors-including zinc deficiency（鋅缺乏）.
According to a paper published in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience，the researchers demonstrated how zinc shapes synapses（突觸）during their early development."Autism is associated with variants （變異） of genes involved in the formation and maturation of synapses，" said Sally Kim，lead author of the study from Stanford University School of Medicine.
The team found that when a brain signal was transferred via a synapse，zinc entered the target neuron（神經(jīng)元），where it could combine two proteins，SHANK2 and SHANK3.Those proteins cause changes in the composition and function of the synapse.
The finding that zinc shapes the development of synapses via SHANK proteins suggests that a lack of zinc during early development could potentially contribute to autism by damaging the function of synapses，which enable brain cells to communicate with one another.
"Understanding the interaction between zinc and SHANK proteins could therefore lead to diagnostic，treatment and prevention strategies for autism，" suggested John Huguenard，co-author of the study.
It's important to note，however，that at present it isn't possible to make any concrete conclusions or begin recommending that children take zinc supplements. "Currently there are no controlled studies of autism risk with zinc supplementation in pregnant women or babies，so the juryis still out，"Craig Garner，co-author of the study said.Taking too much zinc can reduce the amount of copper the body absorbs，weakening bones.Furthermore，zinc deficiency does not necessarily imply a dietary deficiency，and could be caused by problems with absorption in the gut."
"Nevertheless，our findings offer a new mechanism for understanding how zinc deficiency might contribute to autism，"Garner said.
（1）What do we know about autism according to the passage？
A．It is mainly caused by zinc deficiency.
B．It is a common mental illness among children.
C．It is associated with specific variants of genes.
D．It can be cured with the latest advance in neuroscience.
（2）How does zinc shape the development of synapses？
A．By transferring brain signals.
B．By combining SHANK proteins.
C．By damaging the function of synapses.
D．By enabling brain cells to communicate.
（3）As for zinc supplementation in specific groups，Craig Garner thinks.
A．it is beyond doubt
B．it is out of control
C．it remains contradictory
D．it remains uncertain
（4）Which could be the best title of the passage？
A．Zinc Shapes the Development of Synapses.
B．Autism Linked to Zinc Deficiency in Childhood.
C．SHANK Proteins Contribute to Variants of Genes.
D．Zinc Supplements Recommended for Autism Prevention.組卷：19引用：1難度：0.5
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）
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8．假定你是高三學(xué)生李華，一名讀書愛好者。學(xué)校英語讀書社邀請你作一個主題為"Be A Lifelong Reader"的演講。請你寫一份英文演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1．闡述學(xué)生閱讀的現(xiàn)狀（閱讀量少，閱讀時間有限．．．）；
2．分享個人閱讀的收獲；
3．激勵學(xué)生終身閱讀。
注意：
1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總字?jǐn)?shù)；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Be A Lifelong ReaderHello，everyone!I'm Li Hua，an enthusiastic reader.
____________________
That's all.Thank you.組卷：10引用：3難度：0.6
第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整短文。
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9．Tina was seventeen years old and always wore a bright smile.This may not seem that unusual except that she suffered from a condition that left her muscles stiff and，for the most part，unmanageable.Because she had trouble speaking，it was this bright smile that reflected her true personality-a great kid.Tina used a walker most of the time to help her through the crowded school hallways.A lot of times people didn't speak to her.Maybe it was because she looked different and the rest of the students didn't know how to approach her.Tina usually broke the ice with people she met inthe halls with a big"Hi."
One day，the assignment was to memorize three stanzas（詩節(jié)） of the poem "Don't Quit." I only made the assignment worth ten points since I figured most of my students wouldn't do it anyway.When I was in school and a teacher assigned a ten-point homework assignment，I would probably have blown it off myself.So I wasn't expecting much from today's teenagers either.Tina was in the class，and I noticed a look on her face that was different from the normal bright smile.The look was one of worry. "Don't worry，Tina，"I thought to myself， "it's only ten points."
The day the assignment came due arrived and as I went through my roster（花名冊）my expectations were met，as one by one each student failed to recite the poem.
"Sorry，Mr.Krause，"was the standard reply. "It's only worth ten points anyway...right？" Finally，in frustration and half kidding，I declared that the next person who didn't recite the poem perfectly had to drop on the floor and give me ten push-ups（俯臥撐）.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．請按如下格式作答。
Paragraph1：
To my surprise，Tina was the next.______________
Paragraph2：
When she finished，a student asked "Tina，why did you do that？It's only worth ten points!"_________組卷：12引用：3難度：0.4