2021年北京市東城區(qū)高考英語一模試卷

第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．A Labrador has been doing an important job to help people stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
     Eight-year-old Roby runs through the streets of the hilly city of Medellin several times a day with a（1）

  in his jaws，taking vegetables，fruit and packaged foods to customers of the Fresh4 U mini-market.
     "He helps us to maintain social distancing，" said Roby's owner，Sherry Botero. "And people（2）

  it when we send the dog." Roby enjoys eating carrots（3）

  to him by customers，a tip for bringing a basket of food.
     Roby wasn't always a star.He was accepted into the family（4）

  by Ms Botero after repeated requests by her son to （5）

  a dog.
     But Ms Botero quickly（6）

  with the dog.And when she opened a mini-market four years ago，he started to accompany her to make deliveries.
     Roby can't read（7）

  .But he remembers the names of customers who have previously rewarded him with treats.And with some practice，he has learned to go to their houses on his own.
     "He knows the names of five or six of our customers，" Ms Botero said，"So I send the goods with a receipt in the basket，and my customers（8）

  me through a bank transfer（轉(zhuǎn)賬；轉(zhuǎn)移）."
     Roby might not know that he's become an（9）

  worker.But he is happy to help his owner and（10）

  his daily pay.
  
  

  （1）	A．bag	B．chain	C．basket	D．stick
  （2）	A．respect	B．love	C．follow	D．notice
  （3）	A．gifted	B．returned	C．lent	D．donated
  （4）	A．intentionally	B．regretfully	C．immediately	D．unwillingly
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)dopt	B．train	C．a(chǎn)dore	D．walk
  （6）	A．got away	B．kept in touch	C．caught up	D．fell in love
  （7）	A．minds	B．a(chǎn)ddresses	C．numbers	D．receipts
  （8）	A．treat	B．help	C．pay	D．impress
  （9）	A．essential	B．honest	C．optimistic	D．a(chǎn)dventurous
  （10）	A．spend	B．calculate	C．collect	D．increase
  組卷：43引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

第二節(jié) 語法填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

• 2．A Comets are among the most beautiful and interesting（1）

  （sight） in the universe.For centuries，people（2）

  （show） great interest in studying them.In 1682，Edmund Halley，an astronomer，noticed a comet that was especially bright and large.Based on his calculations，Halley predicted that this bright comet would return in 1758 or 1759-this was about 75 years（3）

  he first saw the comet.The comet really returned on time and it was named "Halley's Comet" in honor of Edmund Halley.
  B
  Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream.Looking around，she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping（急喘） for air，his （4）

  （frighten） mother begging for help.Emma rushed to the boy，（5）

  face had turned purple. "What's wrong？" "A candy!In his throat!" It was lucky that Emma had learned how（6）

  （perform）the Heimlich maneuver（海姆利克急救法） at school.She acted quickly.Soon，the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again.He （7）

  （save） in time.
  C In Japan，the word bonsai means tray plant.It refers to the interesting（8）

  （combine） of art and the planting and growing of miniature trees and plants.Bonsai originated in China more than 2，000 years ago and（9）

  （spread） to Japan about 700 years ago.Some people believe that only small plants must be used in bonsai，but this is not true.Nearly any type of tree or plant can be used，as long as it is grown （10）

  a seed or a small cutting.
  組卷：61引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 3．As part of our mission to inspire the next generation of scientists，inventors and engineers，the Science Museum Group（SMG） has launched an exciting new online game-Total Darkness.
     Over the last year we have been developing Total Darkness with the aim of creating an experience that can have a positive impact on people's attitudes towards STEM （science，technology，engineering and maths），as well as having a focus on self-reflection，rather than asking players to recall specific facts or concepts.
     Total Darkness is a digital storytelling experience which encourages young people to recognise how the skills they use every day relate to STEM and can help them develop their confidence in science thinking.The game invites the player to solve a mysterious power cut in their hometown.The game puts players in control，allowing their choices and decisions to guide them through the story.
     As the player navigates through the darkened streets of the town，equipped only with a torch，they will face various challenges.Using their curiosity，communication skills and creative problem solving，they will discover new theories about what might have caused the blackout（停電；斷電）.But with every step their torch fades，and the player must solve the mystery before the battery runs out.
     The player's choices and actions throughout the game will score them curiosity，creativity or communication points.At the end，the skills the player has used will be revealed along with their science style，showing how they could put their skills into action in the real world.
     Total Darkness is aimed at 8-15-year-olds-an important stage in teens' science development.Research shows that as teens make the step between primary and secondary，many move away from an interest in science as other influences have a stronger pull in their lives.
     Total Darkness is a free online game playable on smartphone，tablet and desktop.Play now at totaldarkness.sciencemuseum.org.jye.ai.
  
  （1）Total Darkness aims to help players

  .
  A．recall scientific concepts
  B．better understand STEM
  C．improve storytelling abilities
  D．develop communication skills
  （2）What's the key to getting points in Total Darkness？

  
  A．Judgement.
  B．Teamwork.
  C．Equipment.
  D．Gaming skills.
  （3）What is the main purpose of the passage？

  
  A．To promote a new product.
  B．To introduce the SMG's mission.
  C．To explain the rules of an online game.
  D．To emphasize the importance of STEM.
  組卷：22引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié) 閱讀表達(dá)（共1小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。

• 8．Quiet the Complainer For years，Jane Booth's mother made lengthy airing of complaints.It got so bad that Jane felt it was ruining the quality of their time together，so she finally spoke up and helped her mother realize how often she complained.It turned out that Jane's intervention not only helped her mother-it also helped their relationship.
      You may not be as direct as Jane was to her mother，but there are other ways to get a constant complainer to end.To be effective，it helps to correct misbeliefs about complaining in the first place.In fact，even the kindest，most considerate people complain.And complaining doesn't always have a negative impact.Sometimes，complaining can change an unfavorable situation into a more desirable one.Other times，it can foster new relationships with people we don't know well.
      The problems start when complaining becomes the default mode（默認(rèn)模式）. "When we have a need to be heard，we repeat ourselves，" says Dian Killian，a life coach， "the satisfaction for frequent complainers comes from attention，so they are never satisfied with any suggestion to address the problems that they highlight-resolution isn't their aim."
      So，how do you quiet a constant complainer，for the sake of your health and his？
      Change the subject.Some complainers will switch gears if you shift the conversation in a direction that interests them.
      Summarize the complaint.If your complainer keeps repeating himself，he may stop if you demonstrate that you're listening.
      Challenge the person to act.When a constant complainer tells you about his latest problem，ask nicely what he's done to improve it.
      Be honest.When you have things to do，tell the complainer that you must cut the conversation short-especially if it's someone who's complained to you many times before.
      When someone stresses you out with lots of negativity，it's important to talk about the problem.Otherwise，if you bottle up your feelings and continue listening to repeated complaints，you may grow annoyed or start avoiding the person.
      Remember：Quieting a constant complainer can be beneficial to both of you.
  
  （1）What did Jane Booth do to stop her mother complaining？

  
  （2）According to Paragraph 2，what are the misbeliefs about complaining？

  
  （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
  ? Complaining frequently is a way that people ask for suggestions for their problems.

  
  （4）Your friend has been constantly complaining about almost everything in life.What would you do to help him？ （about 40 words）
  組卷：43引用：4難度：0.3

  解析

第二節(jié)（20分）

• 9．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校英語俱樂部的上一任外教Jim為你們推薦了一位新外教。作為俱樂部負(fù)責(zé)人，請(qǐng)你給Jim寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
  1．表示感謝；
  2．講述新外教給予的幫助。
  注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；
  2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
  Dear Jim，
  _______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：25引用：1難度：0.5

  解析