2023-2024學(xué)年新疆和田地區(qū)墨玉縣高二（上）期中英語試卷

閱讀理解（每小題2.5， 共50分）

• 1．    Last week，Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize，but why has it taken so long？We look at five other pioneering female physicists past and present—who actually deserve the prize.
      Jocelyn Bell Burnell
      Perhaps the most famous snub（冷落）：Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967，when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974，however，went to her male supervisor（指導(dǎo)者），Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a ￡2.3 m Breakthrough Prize，which she gave away to help women and refuge e students，she joked to The Guardian： "I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize."
      Lene Hau
      Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light，before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists，and could 2019 be Hau's year？
      Vera Rubin
      Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s，opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016，without recognition from the committee.
      Chien-Shiung Wu
      Wu's "Wu experiment" helped disprove the "law of conservation of party".Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured，and instead，her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
      Lise Meitner
      Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However，the discovery was admitted by the1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry，which was won by her male colleague，Otto Hahn.
  
  （1）When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee？

  
  A.In 1944.
  B.In 1967.
  C.In 1974.
  D.In 1980.
  （2）Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text？

  
  A.Donna Strickland.
  B.Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
  C.Lene Hau.
  D.Vera Rubin.
  （3）What do we know about the five females？

  
  A.The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
  B.Vera Rubin opened up a new field in chemistry.
  C.Lise Meitner's teacher won a Noble prize for her work.
  D.None of them have been admitted by the Nobel committee.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．    Nowadays，more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study.Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences.The best recommendation I'd like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock.Several common new experiences are around food，locations，culture，and language.
      Food：The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food，but the cooking style will also be different.For example，while most American vegetables are usually boiled，in China，where I studied ，vegetables are often fried，which，as far as I'm concerned，is terrible!China actually helped me like my former enemy，vegetables.So，have an open mind，and try the local food.
      Locations：In terms of locations，I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location.For example，coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke.College in South Hadley，Massachusetts，was a location shock for me.I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need to drive.
      Culture：Having an open mind will benefit you the most.In a global education program，we had Chinese roommates，and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students.Therefore，hanging out with them was not too much trouble，but if finding local friends is not that easy，join clubs，sit at coffee shops，or start conversations at a gathering or party.Being interested in flea markets and art galleries，I looked online for those types of events and went to them.At these events，I met expatriates （僑民） and locals alike and became good friends with them.Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you.I would walk around Shanghai，taking in the Chinese culture every where I went.
  
  （1）We can infer from the passage that the writer

  .
  A.made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai
  B.kept an open mind when studying in China
  C.disliked his study experience in Massachusetts
  D.experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere
  （2）Who may be interested in the passage？

  
  A.Parents at home and abroad.
  B.Teachers teaching foreign languages.
  C.Students studying or to study abroad.
  D.Workers in service agencies.
  （3）Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph？

  
  A.Friends.
  B.Language.
  C.Study.
  D.Chinese culture.
  （4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？

  
  A.Make the Most of Your Experience When Studying Abroad
  B.Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
  C.Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
  D.My Wonderful Experience When Studying Abroad
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Josh Morrison，17，dreamed of raising ＄100，000 to build a home for a low-income family.After years of hard work，his dream has come true.The house is now in the early stages of building.
     Six years ago，Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore，a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization.They were there to buy a sink.Josh，then 11，also noticed a collection of pennies. "I instantly felt the urge to help out with that，" he said.Josh set a fund-raising deadline of four years.Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of ＄100，000，but it didn't shake his faith.He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools.He collected money from neighbours，got publicity from local newspapers，and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
     Josh's fund-raising efforts began to produce results.Still，there were challenges.Four months before his deadline，he was ＄30，000 short.He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge，which is in the province of Ontario.The event raised ＄19，000.
     "I didn't care how long it took me，"said Josh. "I would raise ＄100，000."With three weeks left，a company called Josh's house offered to donate ＄18，000.Eventually，Josh reached a total of ＄134，000 before the deadline."The momentum just kept going，and we decided to do more，"he said."Josh's Penny House"is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa，along with 24 new town houses.Josh has helped with some of the construction，as have other volunteers.He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
     Next year，the 17-year-old kid will head to college in British Columbia，Canada's western most province.As an 11-year-old kid when starting fund-raising，Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world.No matter how old you are，if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it，it can come true.
  
  （1）Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2？

  
  A．Cautious.
  B．Straightforward.
  C．Open-minded.
  D．Determined.
  （2）Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event？

  
  A．To attain his goal.
  B．To call for more attention.
  C．To win approval from the locals.
  D．To find sponsors for a family.
  （3）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean？

  
  A．He received continuous donations.
  B．His project became more popular.
  C．He got more support from his family.
  D．The result was beyond expectations.
  （4）What can be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Kindness from a Company
  B．The Penny House Dream
  C．A Fund-raising Campaign
  D．A Boy with a Warm Heart
  組卷：24引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Everybody knows how important it is for students to get a good night's sleep every night.They aren't able to do their best unless they sleep well.Most experts agree that the proper number of hours is eight，and this has been accepted as common sense as long as I can remember.However，I was young once and I know that most of you get much less sleep than that and sometimes this affects your schoolwork.
      I read an article in a teachers' magazine recently.They did a study of 848 students in Wales.Worryingly，the results suggested that teenagers are facing a new problem.They may go to bed and get up at proper times but a growing number wake up in the middle of the night，not to use the bathroom or have a snack but because of FOMO --- the fear of missing out!
     According to the article，schoolchildren suffer because of an increasing trend to wake up during the night to check social media.Afraid of missing a message or chance to take part in a discussion，teens wake up at all times of the night to go online and join up with social groups.All this happens when they should be sound asleep.
     The report gives some worrying numbers.23% of 12- to 15-year-olds wake up nearly every night to use social media.Another 15% wake up at night once a week for the same reason.As a result，one in three students are constantly tired and unable to do well at school.
      So，I'd like to ask you to be responsible when it comes to social media.Be brave and turn off your phones and computers at night.The world won't end and your social media will be waiting to greet you in the morning.I give you my word that you won't have missed anything important.
  
  （1）What is the new trend among teenagers？

  
  A．They get up too early in the morning.
  B．They have difficulty in falling asleep at night.
  C．They wake up at night to get something to eat.
  D．They wake up in the middle of the night to go online.
  （2）How did the author introduce the new trend？

  
  A．By using examples.
  B．By asking questions.
  C．By making a comparison.
  D．By showing research findings.
  （3）What is FOMO？

  
  A．A fear of going online.
  B．A fear of losing touch on social media.
  C．A need to go out all the time.
  D．A need to use the latest technology.
  （4）What can we learn about the author's opinion on the new trend？

  
  A．It's worrying.
  B．It's encouraging.
  C．It's hard to understand.
  D．It's difficult to change
  組卷：3引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

• 5．Everybody gets stressed from time to time.（1）

  Some ways of dealing with stress，like screaming or hitting someone，don't solve much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solve your problem or at least feel better.
     Try taking these four steps next time you are stressed：
     Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives. （2）

  They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.
     Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，that's not a good idea.
     Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.（3）

  
     Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time to get down to business.（4）

  Even if you can't solve it completely，you can solve a part of it.
     （5）

  Most stress is temporary.Remember stress doesn't go away，unless you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.Ah，it feels so good when the stress is gone.
     These steps aren't magic，but they do work.
  
  A.Be positive.
  B.Then，find a way to calm down.
  C.And don't forget about your friends.
  D.You need to figure out what the problem is.
  E.Different people feel stress in different ways.
  F.Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
  G.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
  組卷：19引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 6．Sometime last year，Michael Blonder began giving out reusable fabrie bags（布袋）with each purchase instead of disposable plastic bags at A.L.Goodies General Store，the souvenir shop he（1）

  on Main Street.
     The move，Blonder said，was in anticipation of（預(yù)期某事的發(fā)生）a ban on plastic bags，（2）

  the city has not made an effort to do so in more than a decade.
     Eight states around the country have already（3）

  them.And in neighboring Montgomery County and Washington，D.C.，fees have been levied（征收） to（4）

  consumers away from using the single-use plastic bags that can（5）

  their way into nearby waterways，（6）

  storm drains and getting stuck in tree branches.
     On Monday，Annapolis Alderman Rob Savidge introduced a（7）

  that would prevent any（8）

  in the city - who owns grocers，convenience stores and others - from（9）

  plastic bags at the point of sale.The Annapolis bill also（10）

  a 20-cent fee for each paper bag that's issued only for（11）

  businesses - those with a footprint of 20，000 square feet or more.
     Savidge hopes the bill will cut off the public's（12）

  on plastic bags and help clean up pollution.But a city bill does not become a（13）

  until more procedures are done.
     A ban is a（n）（14）

  part of environmental protection，said Rick Kissel，the former vice-chair of the Anne Arundel County Sierra Club.He recommended a delay in placing the ban so customers could（15）

  .
  
  

  （1）	A．builds	B．enters	C．visits	D．runs
  （2）	A．though	B．until	C．unless	D．a(chǎn)fter
  （3）	A．sold	B．banned	C．reduced	D．produced
  （4）	A．introduce	B．a(chǎn)nnounce	C．interview	D．direct
  （5）	A．lose	B．find	C．fight	D．wind
  （6）	A．making up	B．building up	C．blocking up	D．showing up
  （7）	A．bill	B．note	C．letter	D．measure
  （8）	A．teachers	B．officers	C．doctors	D．shopkeepers
  （9）	A．providing	B．producing	C．recycling	D．employing
  （10）	A．looks for	B．calls for	C．makes for	D．hopes for
  （11）	A．cleaner	B．private	C．public	D．larger
  （12）	A．promise	B．dependence	C．opinion	D．income
  （13）	A．notice	B．law	C．information	D．rule
  （14）	A．meaningless	B．impossible	C．essential	D．immediate
  （15）	A．refuse	B．learn	C．a(chǎn)djust	D．understand
  組卷：18引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

語法填空 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 7．Kyrgyzstan（吉爾吉斯斯坦）is a mountainous country where nearly two thirds of the people live in rural areas.The UN notes that the local economy depends （1）

  （heavy） on farming.So it is rare for any Kyrgyz to choose technology（2）

  a career path.
      The UN Development Programme studied records about the country's college（3）

  （graduate）in science，technology，engineering，mathematics，construction and manufacturing.It found that women make up less than 10 percent of those graduates.
      Nineteen-year-old Alina Anisimova，（4）

  is a computer programmer，says some girls don't have the courage to take on such studies because it is not common in their country.And，she also says a majority of parents discourage their daughters from（5）

  （study） these subjects.Girls in her country are expected （6）

  （marry） instead of having careers.Nearly one in 10 girls in Kyrgyzstan is married before the age of 18，notes the international aid group Girls Not Brides.She wishes that in the future people will not consider it so（7）

  （surprise） to see young women get involved in engineering and metal working.
      Actually，the number of women in science，technology，engineering and math areas（8）

  （increase） in recent years.For example，in the US，there has been a push to get more girls interested in such subjects at （9）

  early age.Still，the UN's cultural agency UNESCO notes that only about 30 percent of the world's researchers （10）

  （be） women.
  組卷：10引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

根據(jù)語境填寫單詞或短語

• 8． Do you get very

  （懊惱的） by slow-moving traffic？
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 9． The public are able to hold a number of apparently

  （對立的） attitudes.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

• 28．假定你是李華，最近你收到一封來自英國筆友 Edward的郵件，詢問你的健康生活方式。請你用英語給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
  （1）健康生活的意義；
  （2）你對如何養(yǎng)成健康生活方式的建議（不少于3點(diǎn)）。
  注意：
  （1）詞數(shù)80左右；
  （2）開頭與結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；
  （3）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  Dear Edward，
  ______
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 29．The most important change in a person's life is the change of his or her attitude.Right attitudes produce right actions.Have you ever met someone who gave you a different view of life？
      On a Sunday morning，I saw something very interesting as I went to the greengrocer's.To get there，I had to cross a bridge over railway tracks.The bridge was pretty high.A set of steep steps had to be climbed；then the bridge flattened out（變平），followed by coming down another set of steps.On my way back from the greengrocer's，I saw an elderly gentleman running up the steps.After watching him run up the steps so fast，I thought that he could be in a rush.
      Before I knew it，he had crossed the bridge，and then he ran back to where he started.To my surprise，he did not stop.He turned around，and then went up and down the bridge again.He was not struggling，and seemed to enjoy going up and down the bridge.Being a fitness fanatic（熱衷于健美的人）myself，I admired his ability to cross the bridge so quickly.My curiosity got the better of me，and I came up to him to have a chat with him.
      "Excuse me，sir.Are you training for an event？" I asked.
      He stopped."No，not training for an event.Well，I am training for life，" he said with a broad smile on his face as sweat rolled down his cheeks.
      I told him that I had been looking for a role model of fitness，and that I hoped to be as strong as he is when I get to his age.He said that everyone has a choice about what they do with their life."I am not different，" he added.With much admiration，I asked， "What drives you to maintain good health？"
      Then he told me the accident he met with when he was young.
  注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
  2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  "I used to be a cyclist，" he said.
  His great determination paid off，and he was able to walk again.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析