2023-2024學(xué)年廣東省東莞市東華高級(jí)中學(xué)高二（上）開學(xué)英語試卷

閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

• 1．Become a World Ride Ambassador Are you interested in empowering women around the world through mountain biking？Interested in going on a World Ride mountain biking trip？Looking to make more connections within your local bike community？If so，World Ride is looking for YOU!
     For its second year，World Ride is looking to have 20 ambassadors help us spread our mission around the world!
     The duties of ambassadors are as follows：
     Each ambassador is asked to raise ＄600 for World Ride over the course of this year
     Active on social media and/ or in your bike community and willing to recommend us to your friends，family and followers
     Willing to volunteer at / organize World Ride events in your area
     Be inclusive of all riders and working on creating an inclusive bike community
     Ambassadors can be anyone!We are an organization whose mission is to empower women，but we encourage everyone to apply!
     Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador：
     Discount codes （碼） and prizes from our sponsors（贊助商）
     Discounts and possibly goodies（好東西） from World Ride
     Discount on one World Ride trip per year
     A network of amazing ambassadors from around the world
     Ability to meet and plan trips with other ambassadors
     Additional notes are below：
     We're looking for people who are experienced fundraisers；in your application please include examples of what you have done before for fundraisers.Don't have experience？Have no fear!World Ride provides training to ambassadors on how to fundraise!
     For fundraising this year，we set up a fundraising rewards system——the more you help us，the more you receive!
     Applications are now open.The deadline for applying is February 18.Get in touch if you have questions about our ambassador program!
  
  （1）What is one responsibility of a World Ride ambassador？

  
  A．To raise money for World Ride.
  B．To lead a group of 20 followers.
  C．To give online courses on bike riding and safety.
  D．To organize World Ride events in foreign countries.
  （2）What will one get out of being a World Ride ambassador？

  
  A．Job offers from big companies.
  B．One World Ride trip at a discount a year.
  C．Free biking equipment from World Ride.
  D．Opportunities to enter national competitions.
  （3）To be a World Ride ambassador，one must

  .
  A．be a woman rider.
  B．a(chǎn)pply before February 18.
  C．be an experienced fundraiser.
  D．design a fundraising rewards system.
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 2．    As far as I could tell，there was only one problem with this year's Super Bowl.The Green Bay Packers weren't green.They were blue.And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color，I had read enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys （運(yùn)動(dòng)衫） worn by the Green Bay Packers were green，not blue.
     "Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl，" my dad suggested.
     "The colors aren't right，Dad，" I said. "I'm sure of it."
     Eventually Dad agreed. "I'll get a repairman tomorrow，" he said.It was a minor annoyance，but it somehow cast a pall over our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities.This was highly anticipated Super Bowl，and we were watching it on our super new color TV.It was supposed to be super.
     Just a few minutes before kickoff，my big brother Bud arrived with Craig，a college friend.Craig looked at the TV for a moment. "I think your tint （色調(diào)） is off a little，" he said.He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons.Suddenly our color TV was black and white.He reached behind the TV again.He must have found the right button，because a moment later color was restored — and perfected.The Green Bay Packers were in their traditional green and gold uniforms.The field was green，the sky was blue and it was a Super Sunday，indeed.
     It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor adjustment can make.A well-placed nail or a tweak （擰） of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can change everything.The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters.While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired，it's amazing how often a simple smile，a kind word，or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking，improve our mood，and make everything seem，you know，super.
  
  （1）About what did the author disagree with his dad？

  
  A．Which channel to watch.
  B．Which sports team would win.
  C．Whether the colors on the screen were wrong.
  D．Whether the players' uniforms were fit for the event.
  （2）What does the underlined phrase "cast a pall over" in paragraph 4 mean？

  
  A．Replaced.
  B．Witnessed.
  C．Ensured.
  D．Damaged.
  （3）What does the author think of Craig's behavior？

  
  A．It took too long.
  B．It saved much money.
  C．It made matters even worse.
  D．It breathed new life into the show.
  （4）What does the author intend to tell us？

  
  A．Always put yourself in others' shoes.
  B．It is important to learn basic life skills.
  C．A small act can make a big difference.
  D．Learn to smile through life's imperfections.
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．    This will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off and landing （eVTOL） aircraft （垂直起降飛機(jī)），popularly known as flying taxis.Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production，getting ready for the first passenger services.
     Air taxis generally carry fewer than half a dozen passengers.They land and take off vertically using multiple small rotors （旋翼）.With clever software controlling the rotors，they are easier to fly and readily capable of autonomous flight.The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety，as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail.
     Some designs use an extra rotor or two at the back to push the aircraft along during flight.Others，like that produced by Joby Aviation，have rotors like a set of small wings providing lift，making more efficient use of the aircraft's battery and increasing range.
     After thinking hard about how to certify（授予專業(yè)合格證） these flying machines，regulators（監(jiān)管者） have been working with developers on safety standards.This is a multi-stage process.Besides obtaining "type" approval，which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft，factories must be certified before production can begin in volume.And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be carried.Companies are working hard to get these approvals.Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights.
     In Germany，Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs.The firm is hoping its smallest，the two-seater VoloCity，can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris，where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village.Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in Paris，or at the World Expo，which takes place in Japan in 2025.
  
  （1）What can make eVTOL aircraft safer？

  
  A．Fewer passengers.
  B．Smarter software.
  C．More rotors.
  D．Smaller wings.
  （2）What can we say about the certifying process of eVTOL aircraft？

  
  A．Efficient.
  B．Complicated.
  C．Confusing.
  D．Creative.
  （3）What does Volocopter expect of its VoloCity？

  
  A．It will defeat air taxis from other firms.
  B．It will participate in the next World Expo.
  C．It will conduct piloted operations in 2025.
  D．It will provide services for the 2024 Olympics.
  （4）Which would be the best title for the text？

  
  A．The future of transportation.
  B．The development of flying craft.
  C．A green vehicle takes flight.
  D．The air taxi is coming.
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 4．    "Who's a good reader？It's you，isn't it？" This is a typical example of "parentese （父母語）".Recent research suggests that parents speaking parentese to their babies can give their language development a serious boost.In the study，researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills.
     Parentese is distinct from conventional baby talk，which mostly relies on silly sounds and made-up words.In the 1960s，scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children.This language was characterized by simple words and grammar，high pitch （音調(diào)） and a much slower speed.The baby-directed speech was first named "motherese" before it was called "parentese".
     Later research showed parentese is grammatically correct，with real words and phrases，which helped babies differentiate between words and process what was being said. "We've known for some time that use of parentese is associated with improved language outcomes，but we didn't know why，" says Patricia K.Kuhl，the study's senior author.But Kuhl thinks the new research suggests why parentese helps babies learn language skills.
     "We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain，" she says. "Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond."
     All 71 families in the new study had their children equipped with a special coat with an audio recorder built in.During four separate weekends when the babies were 6，10，14 and 18 months old，the researchers recorded all of the interactions between family members and the babies.The 48 families who were randomly selected for a course in parentese learned about ways to include more parentese in conversation.
     And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study，the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills.Beyond that，those babies had a 100-word vocabulary compared with the control group，who only knew 60 words at 18 months.
  
  （1）Which aspect of the study does paragraph 1 focus on？

  
  A．Its aim.
  B．Its result.
  C．Its procedure.
  D．Its participants.
  （2）What did scientists find about parentese in the 1960s？

  
  A．It was easy to follow.
  B．It was unique to mothers.
  C．It was full of made-up words.
  D．It was similar to traditional baby talk.
  （3）What does Kuhl say about parentese？

  
  A．It teaches babies more social skills.
  B．It inspires babies to speak more.
  C．It has short-term effects on babies.
  D．It helps babies differentiate words and phrases.
  （4）Which of the following describes the 48 families？

  
  A．The parents knew more parentese skills.
  B．Their babies grasped 60 words at 18 months.
  C．The parents failed to use parentese through the study.
  D．Their babies received more coaching on a 100-word vocabulary.
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and mood through the coming week，would you do it？Research says that it can. （1）

  Try a few of these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.
     Get plenty of sleep.The importance of sleep to your brain's health just can't be overstated.If you are short of sleep，everything will be affected from your mood to your cognitive （認(rèn)知的） function. （2）

  You can do this by sleeping late，but you don't have to.Naps （午睡） create big brain benefits，and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.
     Get outside.Spending time in nature benefits your brain and your general health.So unless the weather is really bad，plan for some time outdoors. （3）

  A park where you're surrounded by trees and other plants works too.
     （4）

  When you're working during the week，it may be hard to spend as much time socializing with friends and family as you might like.So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most.
     Do something fun that's outside your normal routine.This change requires creativity，but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make. （5）

  That's because，when you break out of normal routine，your brain is awake and active.You'll remember that part of your weekend better，and you'll face the week with greater energy and creativity.
  
  A.The key is to plan ahead.
  B.Spend time with people you like.
  C.Think back to the last time you had a small outing.
  D.It will make your weekends more memorable and enjoyable.
  E.The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.
  F.You don't have to travel to forests to experience the benefits.
  G.But if you've fallen behind on sleep during the week，use the weekend to catch up.
  組卷：11引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共四節(jié)；滿分15分）

• 6．    I was cooking dinner when my cell phone rang.My friend Anna called because her car（1）

  and her two kids were hungry and tired.She asked if I could go and（2）

  the kids while she was waiting for the car service.
     I asked my husband to（3）

  cooking dinner and then started my car.As I was driving to my（4）

  ，fog formed and thickened.After picking up the kids，I had to（5）

  in thick fog.
     The children were my responsibility and I couldn't help but be（6）

  .I tried to put on a brave front as I drove in almost zero（7）

  .Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see and my anxiety began to（8）

  .I knew I had to pull over，but I couldn't even see the lines on the road.I drove as（9）

  as possible，going to the right where I thought the（10）

  might be.I stopped and reached for my phone，only to realize I had left it at home.While I was（11）

  what to do，flashing lights in my rearview mirror （后視鏡） caught my attention.It was a huge relief to see a police car getting（12）

  .The police officer asked for my address，（13）

  me to follow him and guided us home.Before I found time to（14）

  him，he had disappeared into the darkness.
     All I could do was be（15）

  in my heart.
  
  

  （1）	A．turned around	B．sped up	C．pulled off	D．broke down
  （2）	A．visit	B．a(chǎn)ssess	C．fetch	D．praise
  （3）	A．put aside	B．take over	C．pay for	D．talk about
  （4）	A．company	B．property	C．destination	D．residence
  （5）	A．drive	B．wander	C．escape	D．check
  （6）	A．patient	B．nervous	C．polite	D．curious
  （7）	A．visibility	B．gravity	C．effort	D．waste
  （8）	A．change	B．return	C．disappear	D．peak
  （9）	A．slowly	B．blindly	C．directly	D．exactly
  （10）	A．shelter	B．tree	C．shoulder	D．light
  （11）	A．learning	B．remembering	C．wondering	D．explaining
  （12）	A．smarter	B．brighter	C．cleaner	D．closer
  （13）	A．forced	B．instructed	C．promised	D．inspired
  （14）	A．persuade	B．interview	C．thank	D．invite
  （15）	A．hopeful	B．welcome	C．determined	D．grateful
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.2

  解析

單句語法填空（共10小題， 每小題1分， 滿分10分）根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性，在下面空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

• 7．Defining the carbon cycle on Mars is

  （absolute） the key to trying to understand how life could fit into that cycle. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.9

  解析

• 8．So far the main thing many large retailers have done in

  （respond） to all this is to open online stores，so people will come to them directly. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 9．

  （compare） to people living a few generations ago，we have greater opportunities to have a good time. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

• 10．In spite of the difficult situation，Dr Bethune did

  he could to assist the Chinese people.
  組卷：5引用：4難度：0.6

  解析

• 11．A group of old people sat under a big tree，

  （chat） over a cup of tea. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

• 12．Nobody but Mary and Mike

  （invite） to attend yesterday's press conference. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

• 13．The measure would make New Zealand the first country

  （have） farmers pay for emissions from farm animals. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分）

• 38．假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Tom對(duì)中國(guó)文化特別感興趣，希望你能給他一些建議。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示寫一封email。
  1.借助電視節(jié)目、報(bào)刊、中國(guó)經(jīng)典作品了解中國(guó)文化；
  2.和中國(guó)朋友多溝通。
  參考詞匯：經(jīng)典作品classic
  注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
  2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  Dear Tom，
  ______________
  Yours，
  Li Hua
  組卷：3引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 39．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
     It was my brother's idea.Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday.It would make her happy.I thought it was a good idea，as Mom had always wanted to own a dog.By the time our conversation ended，I had my task：find our mother a dog.
     After a careful search，I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper.A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call.
     The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs.
     When the day arrived，I got into my brother's car.We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street.As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫聲）.Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window.We climbed onto the porch（門廊） and rang the doorbell.
     A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door.As I reached to shake his hand，I could see the puppies behind him，running to get to us.Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck.
     We met the man's wife，who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home.We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother.There were four puppies and four visitors；the man handed each of us a dog.Three of the puppies looked up at us with large，curious eyes.The fourth one，who I was holding，began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one!He's the one!Look how lovely he is!" I said.As far as I was concerned，it was a done deal.
  注意：
  （1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為 150 詞左右；
  （2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
  My brother wasn't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them.______
  Two weeks later，we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts.______
  組卷：2引用：4難度：0.5

  解析