人教版選修3《Unit 3 Reading and Thinking》2022年同步練習卷

一、詞匯運用：

• 1．Is the use of windbreaks an effective method of jungle c

  （保護）？
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• 2．Whatever troubles arise，we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming c

  （混亂）.
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• 3．The a

  sports meeting of our school will be held on Thursday. （occurring or happening every year）
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• 4．There are three books I reread a

  （每年）.The first，which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.
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• 5．In summer，young girls reapply sun cream

  （頻繁地） to avoid being sun burnt.
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• 6．If you want to apply for the job，you must s

  your application before January 1st.
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• 7．Let's work together to build a h

  （friendly，peaceful and without any disagreement） society.
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• 8．He is friendly and h

  （幽默的）， and what he says can always please us as well．
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四、閱讀理解：

• 25．Your biology teacher may insist that science is not a laughing matter，but scientists would argue that laughter is a scientific matter.These scientists have found a basic difference in how men and women laugh.
     Jo-Anne Bachorowski and her research team recorded the laughter of 97 volunteers.The volunteers watched clips（電影片段） from funny movies.The scientists were surprised at the variety of sounds people made when they laughed.Rarely did they hear sounds that we stereotype as laughter such as "tee hee hee" or "ho ho ho." More often they heard vowel （元音） sounds such as those heard in "car" （aah） or "glow" （ooh）.What's more，women tended to laugh in a more sing-song way，while men more often grunted （發(fā)出哼聲）.
     The researchers caution that this work was limited to people in the United States，so the results may not be universal.Bachorowski predicts that cultural influences may affect what causes people to laugh，but it probably does not change how we laugh.
     Although we do laugh at jokes and funny movies，80% of our laughter occurs during everyday comments in everyday social situations.Robert Provine，a neuroscientist who studies laughter，went to places such as shopping malls and collected more than 1，200 conversations.He found that the person speaking laughed 46% more than the listeners and that women laughed more often than men.Furthermore，the response to the speaker depended on the speaker's gender.People，whether male or female，laughed more readily in response to a male speaker.The researchers also observed that laughter rarely interrupted speech.Instead，laughter came at the end of a phrase，much like punctuation following a written sentence.
     Humans may be "tuned（使協(xié)調(diào)）" for laughter much in the same way that songbirds are "tuned" for song — especially their own specific family song.Certain nerve cells （神經(jīng)細胞） in the songbird's brain "fire" in response to hearing his song.Perhaps humans have specialized nerve cells that respond to laughter.After all，laughter is a specialized vocalization，and we are "tuned" to respond to vocalizations in language.
  
  （1）How did Bachorowski's team do their research？

  
  A．By studying how people laugh globally.
  B．By analyzing cultural influences on humans' laughter.
  C．By observing everyday conversations in shopping malls.
  D．By studying sounds made by volunteers in response to funny movies.
  （2）What did Bachorowski's team find？

  
  A．Men and women laugh differently.
  B．Vowel sounds are rarely heard in laughter.
  C．Cultural influences determine how people laugh.
  D．People think jokes are funnier than comedy movies.
  （3）Which of the following agrees with Provine's finding？

  
  A．Men laugh more often than women.
  B．Listeners laugh more often than speakers.
  C．Laughter may easily interrupt a conversation.
  D．Male speakers make people laugh more easily.
  （4）Why does the author mention songbirds in the last paragraph？

  
  A．To describe how birds laugh.
  B．To praise the beautiful songs they sing.
  C．To explain how humans' laughter works.
  D．To show that laughter also exists among animals.
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• 26．Sport is not only physically challenging，but can also be mentally challenging .Criticism from coaches ，parents and other teammates ，as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
     The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find flaws in themselves.
     Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons.In today's youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.
     Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances.Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome.Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again，eriticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout.
  
  （1）An effective way to prevent the bumout of young athletes is

  .
  A．to make sport less competitive
  B．to increase their sense of success
  C．to reduce their mental stress
  D．to make sport more challenging
  （2）According to the passage，sport is positive for young people in that

  .
  A．it can help them learn more about society
  B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
  C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
  D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
  （3）According to the passage，parents and coaches should

  .
  A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sport
  B．help children to win every game
  C．train children to cope with stress
  D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport
  （4）The author's purpose in writing the passage is

  .
  A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
  B．to persuade children not to worry about criticism
  C．to stress the importance of positive support to children
  D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
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