2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省陽(yáng)江市四校聯(lián)考高二（上）期中英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．Want to be more successful？If so，then you need to read a few self-help books．Here are four popular ones to get you going．
     59 Seconds（2009）by Richard Wiseman
     This is a self-help book with a difference．Wiseman，a scientist，uses science to prove many self-help myths（神話） are false．For example，self-help books say that if you want to achieve a goal，you should visualize it．But Wiseman says that's the worst thing to do．Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal．
     How to Win Friends& Influence People （1936）-by Dale Carnegie
     This is the book that launched the self-help type．Carnegie says financial success is 15% professional knowledge and 85% the ability to express ideas，assume leadership，and motivate people．The book is full of practical advice on how to influence people by making them like you．
     The Millionaire Next Door （1996）-by Thomas Stanley & Wlliam Danko
     The authors of this book spent years interviewing American millionaires to figure out the secrets of their success．And they discovered that a majority of millionaires don't live luxury lifestyles．They're rich because they live below their means and reinvest what they earn．
     Who Moved My Cheese？（1998）-by Spencer Johnson
     Who Moved My Cheese？An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life，published on September 8，1998，is a motivational business fable（寓言）．The text describes change in one's work and life，and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two "little people"，during their hunt for cheese．
  
  （1）What is the key to achieving success in 59 Seconds？

  
  A．To employ science．
  B．To follow examples．
  C．To picture procedures．
  D．To visualize the goal．
  （2）What is Dale Carnegie's book mainly about？

  
  A．How to master occupational knowledge．
  B．How to apply practical techniques．
  C．How to gain strong management．
  D．How to become popular persons．
  （3）Which book can help you adapt to change in your life？

  
  A．59 Seconds
  B．Who Moved My Cheese？
  C．The Millionaire Next Door
  D．How to Win Friends& Influence People
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Last year，the bushfires in Australia burned more than 12.35 million acres of land.At least 25 people were killed and 2000 homes destroyed.According to the BBC，that was the most casualties（傷亡）from wildfires in the country since 2009.The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.
     Zeke Hausfather，an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth，said warmer temperatures and extreme weather made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. "The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires.Australia's fires were worsened by the combination of those two.2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia，" Hausfather added on Friday.
     Kevin Trenberth，a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research，said warmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world.Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans，which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places，causing longer rain events in Indonesia，for example，and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia.He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more，it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading.Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.
     Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity（嚴(yán)重）of wildfires.How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires.Practices like controlled bums and other factors can impact the risk to people and property，such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area.Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched（派遣）.
  
  （1）What are the numbers about in paragraph 1？

  
  A．The causes of Australian fires.
  B．The results of Australian fires.
  C．The damaged areas of Australian fires.
  D．The property destruction of Australian fires.
  （2）Which of the following best explains "susceptible to" in the second paragraph？

  
  A．Very quickly to adapt to.
  B．Very seriously to focus on.
  C．Very likely to be influenced by.
  D．Very easily to be protected against.
  （3）What can we infer from Trenberth's research？

  
  A．Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.
  B．Global warning is also a main cause of the bushfires.
  C．Warmer ocean temperatures lead to the fires directly.
  D．The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.
  （4）What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph？

  
  A．To stress the effects of Australia fires.
  B．To show the methods for land management.
  C．To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.
  D．To provide some advice about reducing fire damage.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．In the United States，a company is working on a project that could change the way we think about public transportation.Its planned system would move people around in steel tubes.Those passengers would be traveling at speeds of up to 1，200 kilometers per hour.
     The futuristic transportation system is called Hyperloop.Workers plan to test the system next year in a specially built community called Quay Valley.The town will be powered entirely by energy from the sun.
     The Hyperloop transport system is the idea of businessman Elon Musk.Dirk Ahlborn is head of Hyperloop Transportation Technologies.He says his company has taken Mr Musk's idea and is developing a system that will be safe，environmentally friendly and fast.
     "It's 100 percent solar-powered ...we're not going to get up to 760 miles per hour，but we believe we can actually break the records that are existing right now."
     This means that a four-hour drive from Los Angeles，California to Las Vegas，Nevada，could someday take only 30 minutes by Hyperloop.
     The system involves a series of capsules （密封艙） that float inside a long tube.These containers wouldn't need to travel along a pathway or track.The system has been designed to operate above or below ground.
     Inside the tube there is a low pressure environment very similar to an airplane that's at high altitudes.So now the capsule travelling inside the tube doesn't meet with as much resistance （阻力），and therefore can travel really fast with very little energy.
     Dick Ahlborn and his company will use an eight-kilometer track in Quay Valley to find the best way to set up passenger traffic and repair capsules.A larger system will cost an estimated （估算的） 6 - 10 billion dollars to build.
     If Mr Ahlborn and his company succeed，we may one day see these very fast Hyperloop capsules speeding through tubes around the world.
  
  （1）What do we know about the Hyperloop transport system？

  
  A．It travels along a pathway or track.
  B．It was already tested in a community.
  C．It was developed by a businessman.
  D．It is environmentally friendly.
  （2）Why can the Hyperloop capsules travel fast？

  
  A．They are solar-powered.
  B．They travel at high altitudes.
  C．There is less resistance inside the tube.
  D．There is a powerful engine to drive them.
  （3）What is the author's attitude towards the Hyperloop transport system？

  
  A．Objective.
  B．Doubtful.
  C．Subjective.
  D．Dissatisfied.
  （4）What can be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Steel Tubes
  B．Creative Businessman
  C．Hyperloop Transport System
  D．Quay Valley
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Six people are about to find out what it would be like to live on Mars—without ever leaving the Earth.
     Three men and three women will spend eight months living in a special habitat on the side of a volcano in Hawaii.They are part of an experiment being done by NASA （National Aeronautics and Space Administration） that is designed to mimic （模仿） life on Mars.
     Some people may become unhappy or bored living under those conditions.Certain personality types may not get along，and living together for a long time could cause them to argue.
     By studying people living in similar conditions here on Earth，NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for a space mission，and how to help them get along.
     The crew （全體工作人員） will live in a two-story dome-shaped （圓頂形） building.The dome is located in an area about 2，400 metres up the side of Mauna Loa，the second biggest volcano in the world.Mauna Loa is an active volcano，but it has not erupted since 1984.It is monitored all the time for signs of volcanic activity.NASA chose the location because the environment there looks very similar to Mars.
     During the experiment，the crew will only be able to communicate by email.To make it more like being on Mars，there will be a 20-minute waiting time between the time a message is sent and when it is received.That means it will take 40 minutes to get a reply to an email.
     The crew will be performing scientific work while they are there，including some trips outside the dome.When they go outside，they will have to wear spacesuits，just as if they were on Mars.
     The commander of the crew is Martha Lenio，a 34-year-old Canadian.Lenio studied engineering and is interested in space exploration and environmental problems.During the mission，she will run experiments on growing food and making compost （堆肥） inside the dome.
     The other crewmembers have backgrounds in physics and astronomy.They were chosen from about 150 people who applied to take part in the experiment.None of them are astronauts.
  
  （1）What is the main purpose of the experiment？

  
  A．To study people's behavior.
  B．To complete a challenging task.
  C．To get familiar with our natural world.
  D．To prepare volunteers for life on Mars.
  （2）When living in a group，volunteers should

  .
  A．try to show their own personality
  B．learn to get along with each other
  C．have no chance to go outside
  D．communicate by phone
  （3）What can we learn from the text？

  
  A．Martha Lenio used to be an astronaut.
  B．The experiment will take about two years.
  C．All six members have professional backgrounds.
  D．All members will run experiments on growing food.
  （4）From which is the text probably taken？

  
  A．A travel magazine.
  B．A science magazine.
  C．A biology textbook.
  D．A geography textbook.
  組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的（A、B、C、D、E、F、G）選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。在答題卡上將最佳選項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 5．There are numerous benefits of reading good books. （1）

  Whatever your field might be，it's very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons.Here are tips to help you cultivate a better and consistent reading habit：
     ●Determine your reading goal. （2）

  This goal should be clear and backed up with a purpose.Start by thinking about how a consistent reading pattern can help you grow indifferent areas of your life-spirit，academics，career，relationships and more.
     ●（3）

  Once you're done setting your reading goal for the year，you'll need a list to back it up.Write out a list of the amazing books you want to read.Ask for recommendations from friends and instructors.It s important to keep a journal listing the books you'll like to read for each month.
     ●Get a responsible reading partner to promote your reading.Goals need to be backed up in order to help put a check and encourage you during times you don't feel motivated. （4）

  
     To develop a reading culture，you must first analyze your current reading habits.Do you read at all？（5）

  In order to truly achieve your reading goals and build a consistent reading habit，you'll need to set up simple systems，find responsible partners，and generally be hungry to grow beyond your comfort zone.
  
  A.Do you study hard at school？
  B.Make a list of books for each month.
  C.Do you start off and stop at some point？
  D.Get up early and go to bed late to back up your goal.
  E.It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.
  F.Get a friend willing to read，and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.
  G.It can make you think deeper，sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.
  組卷：6引用：4難度：0.7

  解析

第二部分 語言知識(shí)與運(yùn)用第一節(jié) 完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A， B， C， D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 6．"Little Annie" Sullivan，as she was called when she was young，was no stranger to hardship.She was（1）

  sightless herself and was，at one time，diagnosed（診斷）as hopelessly insane（精神病的）by the doctors.She was locked in the basement of a（2）

  institution outside of Boston.At times，Little Annie would violently（3）

  anyone who came near.Most of the time she generally（4）

  everyone in her presence.
     An elderly nurse（5）

  there was hope，however，and she made up her mind to show love to the child.Every day she visited Little Annie.For the most part，the child did not acknowledge（理會(huì)）the nurse's presence，but she still（6）

  to visit.The kindly woman left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement.She was sure that Little Annie could（7）

  ，if only she were shown love.
     Eventually，doctors noticed a（8）

  in the girl.Where they once saw anger and hate，they now noted gentleness and（9）

  .They moved her upstairs where she continued to（10）

  .Then the day finally came when this seemingly "hopeless"child was set free.
     Anne Sullivan（11）

  into a young woman with a（n） hope to help others as she，herself，was helped by the kindly nurse.It was she who（12）

  the great potential in Helen Keller.She loved her，trained her and played with her.Anne Sullivan worked（13）

  in Helen's life；but it was the loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly changed an uncommunicative child into a kind-hearted teacher.
     The name of Helen Keller would have（14）

  unknown if it had not been for Anne Sullivan.（15）

  would the name of Anne Sullivan if it had not been for the kind and devoted nurse.And so it goes.Just how far back does the chain of love extend（延伸）？And how forward will it lead？
  
  

  （1）	A．a(chǎn)lmost	B．still	C．rather	D．only
  （2）	A．cultural	B．religious	C．mental	D．private
  （3）	A．a(chǎn)ttract	B．a(chǎn)ttack	C．watch	D．touch
  （4）	A．blamed	B．caught	C．greeted	D．ignored
  （5）	A．suggested	B．determined	C．imagined	D．thought
  （6）	A．continued	B．forgot	C．refused	D．failed
  （7）	A．return	B．recover	C．remember	D．reply
  （8）	A．chance	B．trouble	C．change	D．fault
  （9）	A．love	B．worry	C．a(chǎn)nxiety	D．wish
  （10）	A．play	B．study	C．shout	D．improve
  （11）	A．ran	B．grew	C．looked	D．knocked
  （12）	A．showed	B．reached	C．owned	D．saw
  （13）	A．doubts	B．decisions	C．plans	D．wonders
  （14）	A．remained	B．seemed	C．become	D．proved
  （15）	A．Either	B．And	C．So	D．Neither
  組卷：2引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

語篇填空 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。

• 7．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。
      Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace，F(xiàn)lorence，Italy.When she was almost a year old，she （1）

  （return） with her family to England.
      Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick.As she grew （2）

  （old），she decided to become a nurse.Her family was shocked because nursing was not a（3）

  （respect） profession.But Florence was determined.She studied books on medicine.Later，she visited hospitals in France，Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. （4）

  returning home，she was an expert on hospital management.
      In 1854，England （5）

  （fight） a war with Russia in Turkey.At the front many British soldiers were wounded or sick.The wounded （6）

  （soldier） lay on the hard floors of a dirty army hospital.In the evening，they tried to sleep，but rats ran over their bodies.The conditions for them were terrible.
      Reports of the sufferings of the wounded in the front created anger in Britain. （7）

  response，the government appointed Florence Nightingale to hire female nurses （8）

  （work） in the military hospitals in the front.Florence arrived in Crimea with thirty-eight nurses.At first，the doctors did not believe that women could help.But in fact，the nurses did make （9）

  difference.By day，nurses cleaned the wards and cared for the soldiers.At night，Nightingale took a lamp and walked around the hospital （10）

  （attend） the patients.The soldiers began to call Florence "The lady with the Lamp".
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 詞匯&寫作第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫 （共10小題； 每小題1分， 滿分10分） 根據(jù)句子的意思和括號(hào)里的中文提示，寫出下列的單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞，并把答案寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。

• 8．He evaluated all the evidence before drawing a

  （結(jié)論）.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．This gives you the opportunity to pray for and

  （祝福） the other.
  組卷：14引用：3難度：0.9

  解析

第二節(jié) 單句語法填空 （共10小題； 每小題1分， 滿分10分） 在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 27．It is indeed an honour for China's

  research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. （science） （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（共1題，滿分20分）

• 28．人物介紹
  你接受了一項(xiàng)寫作任務(wù)，要為英語校報(bào)寫一篇人物介紹。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下信息，介紹一位人物。
  姓 名：屠呦呦
  出生日期：1930年12月30日
  出生地：中國(guó)浙江寧波
  興趣愛好：喜歡閱讀、科學(xué)研究
  性格特征：有耐心、堅(jiān)持不懈
  教育經(jīng)歷：1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。
  主要評(píng)價(jià)：20世紀(jì)最偉大的人物之一
  成就：2015年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦（共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸?，她的研究促使了青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)。這是一種至關(guān)重要的治療瘧疾的新療法。
  作文要求：根據(jù)表內(nèi)所提供的信息寫作；要求語句通順連貫；邏輯思路清晰，作文字?jǐn)?shù)要求100詞內(nèi)。不得抄襲、不得挪用該卷其他不符合部分內(nèi)容的句子。
  組卷：1引用：2難度：0.5

  解析