當(dāng)前位置： 2022-2023學(xué)年福建省漳州市高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷> 試題詳情

Nowadays ultraprocessed foods，such as prepackaged soups，sauces，frozen pizza and ready-to-eat meals，are becoming increasingly popular because of their convenience although they could bring higher risk of weight and heart problems.However，a new study has shown that eating too much ultraprocessed foods could set you on the falling road of cognition（認(rèn)知）.
   The study，presented on August 1st at the 2022 Alzheimer's Association International Conference，followed over 10，000 Brazilians for up to 10 years.At the beginning and end of the study，the subjects took two cognitive testings，which included word memory，word recognition and spoken fluency，and they were also asked about their diet.The researchers found people who ate over 20% of daily calories from ultraprocessed foods had a 28% faster cognitive decline compared to those who ate less than 20%.
   "The key problem is that ultraprocessed foods are usually very high in sugar，salt and fat，all of which cause systemic inflammation（炎癥），perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging in the body and brain，" said Rudy Tanzi，director of the genetics and aging research unit at Massachusetts General Hospital.He added， "Ultraprocessed foods also replace eating food high in plant fiber that is important for keeping the health and the balance of bacteria（細(xì)菌）in your gut microbiome（腸道菌群），which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer's disease."
   Unfortunately，ultraprocessed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake in daily diet.For a person who eats 2，000 calories a day，20% would equal 400 or more calories — for comparison，a small order of fries and regular cheeseburger from McDonalds contains a total of 530 calories.
   "We all need to know we should cook more.We say we don't have time but it really doesn't take that much time，" said Suemoto，an assistant professor at the University of So Paulo Medical School. "And it's worth because we're going to protect our heart and guard our brain from Alzheimer's disease."

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word "decline" in Paragraph 2？
C
C

A．Change.
B．Damage.
C．Fall.
D．Improvement.
（2）What's Paragraph 2 mainly about？
B
B

A．The purpose of the study.
B．The process of the study.
C．The effects of the ultraprocessed foods.
D．The popularity of the ultraprocessed foods.
（3）What can we infer from the passage about ultraprocessed foods？
D
D

A．They are the main cause of brain diseases.
B．They are the most popular foods nowadays.
C．They make up 20% of total daily calorie intake.
D．They don't have enough plant fibre needed for body.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
D
D

A．The Importance of Plant Fibre
B．More Home Cooking，Healthier Heart
C．The Convenience of Ultraprocessed Foods
D．More Ultraprocessed Foods，Worse Cognition

【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；健康．

【答案】C；B；D；D

【解答】

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

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發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：1引用：2難度：0.3

相似題

1．At the beginning of Grade Two，I joined the cross-country running team in our school.
   When I came to the first practice，I was filled with optimism.But as the distance we ran in each practice gradually increased from three to four，to six miles，I realized with surprise that no matter how hard I tried，I wasn't able to run as fast as others.In fact，I was one of the slowest on the team.
   What was the point of putting myself through so much pain？After the first few weeks，I wanted to quit.
   Then we had our first cross-country meet.
   When we started the race，I felt the great pressure of expectations sink onto my shoulders.And after a while I stopped running and struggled to walk up the hill.But then I heard my coaches shouting my name from the top of the hill.I felt confused and embarrassed；why were they cheering for me？I was running terribly!As I tried my best to finish the race，I realized that my coaches didn't care how fast I ran.Neither did my teammates.During the rest of the season，they were always on the sidelines of every race，cheering for me just as loudly as they'd cheered for the front runner.
   From then on，I began to put my effort into supporting my teammates instead of focusing on my own performance.In that way，I celebrated my teammates' victories as if they were my own；I felt their pain and exhaustion as if they were my own.
   Cross-country running made me realize I don't need to be the best to be successful in life.It taught me to value my relationships with people more than my relationship with my ego.It taught me to cheer for others even if I don't know their names.

（1）Why did the author want to give up after the first few weeks？

A．He had much pain in his knees.
B．He didn't perform well in long-distance running.
C．He couldn't get along well with others
D．He showed no interest in running.
（2）Which of the following can best describe the coaches？

A．Strict and hard-hearted.
B．Brave and adventurous.
C．Considerate and supportive.
D．Optimistic and humorous.
（3）After his first cross-country race，the author

.
A．lost himself in victories
B．put more effort into his study
C．received more support from his coaches
D．started caring about his teammates
（4）What did the author realize from his experience？

A．The importance of team spirit
B．The value of competition
C．The secret of winning a race
D．The benefits of doing sports
發(fā)布：2024/11/7 19:30:1組卷：5引用：7難度：0.5
解析
2．We all know that regular exercise is good for us．In recent years we've been told to aim to walk 10，000 steps a day to remain healthy，although other advice to do three 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective．But the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you're someone who walks at a fast pace．That's because，according to scientists，the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains，as well as their bodies，are ageing．
   The BBC's Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1，000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of "accelerated ageing"．Their lungs，teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster．And to add insult to injury，the study found not only did slower walkers' bodies age more quickly，their faces looked older and they had smaller brains．Professor Terrie，lead author of the study，told the BBC： "It found that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age．"
   This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it's time to work out and get fitter．But it might be too late；researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence，language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three．They also suggest that even in early life，there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life．
   So，what's the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain？Well，researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age，and understanding what this might mean，could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing．This might help us make lifestyle changes while we're still young and healthy．Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!

（1）What is the text mainly about？

A．Walking and health．
B．Slow walking and ageing．
C．The way of slowing ageing．
D．The standard walking pace．
（2）What does the latest research show？

A．Walking 10，000 steps a day helps keep fit．
B．A slower walker is healthier than a faster walker．
C．Slower walkers are easy to have slower brains．
D．Ageing signs of slow walkers arise earlier than fast walkers．
（3）What does the underlined words "wake-up call" refer to in paragraph 3？

A．Challenge．
B．Potential．
C．Reminder．
D．Solution．
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？

A．Testing walking speed before old age makes sense．
B．It's important to keep fit both physically and mentally．
C．Walking pace is connected with health and ageing．
D．Walking speed at a young age determines one's longevity．
發(fā)布：2024/11/7 15:30:4組卷：23引用：1難度：0.8
解析
3．One animal which is still alive，but has almost disappeared from the world，is the Chinese river dolphin or Yangtze River dolphin.
   The Yangtze River dolphin is a beautiful animal with a graceful body and a long nose.It is blue-grey with a white underside，weighs between 100 and 160 kilogrammes，and can grow up to eight feet long.It lives in the middle and lower parts of the Yangtze River.Most dolphins live in the sea so the Yangtze River dolphin is very unusual.It is one of only five kinds of river dolphins in the world.
   In the past，there were many stories about the Yangtze River dolphin.One story said that the dolphin was really a beautiful princess who had drowned in the river.Another said it was a kind of horse that could gallop（急速行進(jìn)）across water，carrying God on its back.
   Sadly，the situation today is very different.Many millions of people live in the Yangtze River Basin and the river is busy，noisy and polluted.The Yangtze River dolphin is almost blind and moves around using sounds.With so many boats and people using the river，the animals cannot find their way around.They are unable to find food，or find each other.Year by year，the number of Yangtze River dolphin in the river becomes smaller and smaller.
   A lot of work is being done to help the Yangtze River dolphin.One section of the river has been made into a kind of nature park，where the Yangtze River dolphin can be safe.Fishermen work together with scientists and tell them when they see a Yangtze River dolphin，or if they find an injured one.Injured animals are taken to a research center and nursed back to be healthy.However，in spite of these measures，scientists estimate （估計(jì)）that the number of the Yangtze River dolphin still alive in the river may be less than 100.If things continue as they are，the lovely creature will disappear in the next 25 years.

（1）Which of the following cannot be learnt from the passage？

A．The Yangtze River dolphin has already died out from the world.
B．The Yangtze River dolphin is blue-grey with a white underside.
C．The Yangtze River dolphin lives in the middle and lower parts of the Yangtze River.
D．The Yangtze River dolphin is one of only 5 kinds of river dolphins in the world.
（2）The reasons why the Yangtze River dolphin is disappearing don't include

.
A．many millions of people live in the Yangtze River Basin，making there noisy and polluted
B．the Yangtze River dolphin is blind because of the pollution and can't find the way around
C．the boats and people are noisy，making the animals cannot find their way around by sounds
D．they are unable to find food or find each other by sounds since the river is noisy
（3）Which of the following is the correct way to save the Yangtze River dolphin？

A．Catch the Yangtze River dolphins and take them to the research center.
B．Make the whole Yangtze River a natural park for the Yangtze River dolphin to live.
C．Make one section of the Yangtze River a natural park where the Yangtze River dolphins can be safe.
D．Ask many people to come to the river to help the Yangtze River dolphins.
發(fā)布：2024/11/8 18:30:1組卷：5引用：1難度：0.5
解析

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